Medieval and modern times : an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . andthe seat of an ancient and highly developed civilization. Onemay gain some idea of the extent of India by laying the map ofHindustan upon that of the United States. If the southern-most point. Cape Comorin, be placed over New Orleans, Cal-cutta will lie nearly over New York City, and Bombay in theneighborhood of Des Moines, Iowa. A generation after Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape, aMongolian conqueror, Baber, had established his empire in The Mongo-India
Medieval and modern times : an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . andthe seat of an ancient and highly developed civilization. Onemay gain some idea of the extent of India by laying the map ofHindustan upon that of the United States. If the southern-most point. Cape Comorin, be placed over New Orleans, Cal-cutta will lie nearly over New York City, and Bombay in theneighborhood of Des Moines, Iowa. A generation after Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape, aMongolian conqueror, Baber, had established his empire in The Mongo-India. The dynasty of Mongolian rulers which he founded was ofHtadustanable to keep the whole country under its control for nearly 1 For Marquettes account, see Readings in Enropen?i History^ Vol. 11, pp. 345 ff. 432 Medieval and Modem Times two centuries ; then after the death of the Great Mogul Aurung-zeb, in 1707, their empire began to fall apart in much the sameway as that of Charlemagne had done. Like the counts anddukes of the Carolingian period, the emperors officials, thesubahdars and nawabs (nabobs), and the rajahs (Hindu princes. Fig. 117. The Taj Mahal This mausoleum of a princess was built at Agra, India, in 1632. Ithas been described as the most splendidly poetic building in theworld ... a dream in marble, which justifies the saying that theMoguls designed like Titans but finished like jewelers. The entirebuilding is of white marble, inlaid with precious stones. Although thisis regarded as the most perfect monument, India has many others ofgreat magnificence, witnesses of the power and wealth of her princes ?who had been subjugated by the Mongols) had gradually gotthe power in their respective districts into their own the emperor, or Great Mogul, as the English calledhim, continued to maintain himself in his capital of Delhi, hecould no longer be said to rule the country at the openingof the eighteenth century when the French and English werebeginning to
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