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Massacres of Christians by heathen Chinese, and horrors of the Boxers; containing a complete history of the Boxers; the Tai-Ping insurrection and massacres of the foreign ministers; manners, customs and peculiarities of the Chinese .. . rating thetwo altars. The Shin-shui, or New Sect, founded by Shinran-shonin inthe thirteenth century, ranks next in importance and influence. Itrejects all Buddhas and deities except Amida Buddha, to whomalone prayers and invocations are addressed. The influence of thissect in every part of the Empire has been illustrated in connectionwith the restoration of on
Massacres of Christians by heathen Chinese, and horrors of the Boxers; containing a complete history of the Boxers; the Tai-Ping insurrection and massacres of the foreign ministers; manners, customs and peculiarities of the Chinese .. . rating thetwo altars. The Shin-shui, or New Sect, founded by Shinran-shonin inthe thirteenth century, ranks next in importance and influence. Itrejects all Buddhas and deities except Amida Buddha, to whomalone prayers and invocations are addressed. The influence of thissect in every part of the Empire has been illustrated in connectionwith the restoration of one of the great temples in Kioto. Womenand young girls from the various provinces are said to have cutoff their hair, and twisted it into long cords to drag cedar trunks 508 JAPAN AND COREA. to the capital, where these trees were hewn into pillars for thetemple. Christianity was first introduced in japan by Francis Xavierin 1549. Within 30 years of the first conversions and the founda-tion of a Jesnit seminary at Fnnai the Christian communitiesnumbered 150,000 members. In 1587 a decree was issued banish-ing the Jesuits. Nevertheless, the new religion continued to betolerated until the year 1614, when some repressive measures were. COURT OF LOVE. taken and its practice finally interdicted. Christianity is at presentallowed to be preached in the treaty ports and the government evensanctioned the conversion of Buddha temples into Protestant orCatholic chapels. Since the eighth century there has been a literary developmentin Japan, which if not luminous may be described as volum-inous. Poetry, the drama, history and the natural sciences havebeen cultivated, and the intellectual evolution of Japan may be said JAPAN AND COREA. 509 to have run in parallel lines with that of the West. In the mon-asteries the old manuscripts were copied, chronicles compiled,theological and metaphysical treatises composed, while the Courtsof Love were held during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries inthe
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