. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases. Bacteria; Plant diseases. 198 BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. organism reduces potassium nitrate to nitrite in bouillon; does not produce indol in peptone-water; and does not stain by Gram's method, i. c, is only slightly blue after washing (diaphragm wide open). Cultures were easily obtained from a bouillon-culture after exposing it for 20 minutes to minus77°C.,but quantitative experiments with liquid air show that a large proportion of the rods are killed by a single freezing (pi. 32). The minimum temperature for growth is about io°C; optimum
. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases. Bacteria; Plant diseases. 198 BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. organism reduces potassium nitrate to nitrite in bouillon; does not produce indol in peptone-water; and does not stain by Gram's method, i. c, is only slightly blue after washing (diaphragm wide open). Cultures were easily obtained from a bouillon-culture after exposing it for 20 minutes to minus77°C.,but quantitative experiments with liquid air show that a large proportion of the rods are killed by a single freezing (pi. 32). The minimum temperature for growth is about io°C; optimum temperature 350 to 370 C. (?); maximum temperature not determined (about 410 C.*); the thermal death-point (South Carolina organism, 1896) is above 510 C. and below 530 C, being probably about 520 C. In 1904 all 10-minute exposures of the Dis- trict of Columbia organism at 520 C. remained sterile but not those at 510 C. The organism grew readily and for a long time in the thermostat at 370 C, i. e., in peptonized beef-bouillon held at 370 C. the South Carolina organism was alive in one test after 3 weeks' exposure, and in another after 7 weeks' exposure. At 380 to 400 C. the District of Columbia organism. -^\^ B J-P Vioo mm 1. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Smith, Erwin F. (Erwin Frink), 1854-1927. Washington, Carnegie Inst.
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