. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . civil engineer may study it with profit.) WHEELS AND RAILS. 395. Effect of rigidly attaching wheels to their axles. Thewheels of railroad rolling-stock are invariably secured rigidlyto the axles, which therefore revolve with the wheels. Thechief reason for this is to avoid excessive wearbetween the axles and the wheels. Any axle must always be somewhat loose inits journals. A sidewise force P (see Fig. 174)acting against the circumference of the wheelwill produce a much greater
. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . civil engineer may study it with profit.) WHEELS AND RAILS. 395. Effect of rigidly attaching wheels to their axles. Thewheels of railroad rolling-stock are invariably secured rigidlyto the axles, which therefore revolve with the wheels. Thechief reason for this is to avoid excessive wearbetween the axles and the wheels. Any axle must always be somewhat loose inits journals. A sidewise force P (see Fig. 174)acting against the circumference of the wheelwill produce a much greater pressure on theaxle at S and S\ and if the wheel moves onthe axle, the wear at S and S^ will be exces-sive. But when the axle is fitted to the wheelwith a ^forced fit and does not revolve,the mere pressure produced at S is two wheels are fitted tight to an axle,as in Fig. 175, and the axle revolves in the jour-nals aa, a sidewise pressure of the rail against the wheel flangewill only produce a slight and harmless increase of the journalpressure Q, although at Q there is sliding contact. Twdst- 425. 426 RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. §396. ing action in the journals is thus practically avoided, since asmall pressure at the journal-boxes at each end of the axlesuffices to keep the axle truly in line. fe Q a Fig. 175.
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