The Iron and steel magazine . au mond publier dunc plume de fcr sur un papier dacier. Vol. XI May, 1906 No. 5 THE EQUILIBRIUM CURVES OF THE SYSTEM IRON AND CARBON * By PROF. H. v. JUFTNERSpecial Contributor to The Iron and Steel Magazine THE numerous experiments which have been made on the?** equilibrium of iron-carbon alloys makes desirable a com-parative revision of resultssuch as is attempted in thefollowing pages. The inves-tigations of this subject aremade more difficult becauseon one hand the chemicalseparation and examinationof the components have suc-ceeded at best only partially,while
The Iron and steel magazine . au mond publier dunc plume de fcr sur un papier dacier. Vol. XI May, 1906 No. 5 THE EQUILIBRIUM CURVES OF THE SYSTEM IRON AND CARBON * By PROF. H. v. JUFTNERSpecial Contributor to The Iron and Steel Magazine THE numerous experiments which have been made on the?** equilibrium of iron-carbon alloys makes desirable a com-parative revision of resultssuch as is attempted in thefollowing pages. The inves-tigations of this subject aremade more difficult becauseon one hand the chemicalseparation and examinationof the components have suc-ceeded at best only partially,while on the other hand weare dealing with very com-plicated systems in which notonly stable but also unstableequilibrium can occur; andeven in the slow course ofthe processes in case of solidbodies, phenomena of over-cooling frequently occur andan equilibrium is seldomreached. We will discuss theseparate equilibrium curves in order. I. The equilibrium in iron-carbon alloys in solid and fluidcondition. * Received March 15, 378 The Iron and Steel Magazine The melting point of pure iron has only recently beendetermined at 1540° C. by Gtirller and Taurmann.* In thefollowing we will assume the melting point to be 15500 C. The following observations are the basis of our considera- tions : a. Observations of the point of solidification (beginning ofsolidification) according to Mannesmann and Osmond, calcu-lated by the author: f Per CentCarbon Mannesmann Osmond O i55o°C. i55o°C O 5 1470 I 0 1400 1 3 1360 1410 I 8 1310 1320 2 7 . 1250 1260 3 5 1200 1200 4 3 1160 IJ25 5 5 1260 b. Temperatures of the beginning and end of solidificationaccording to Roberts-Austen: % Per CentCarbon Beginning of Solidification End of Solid i-37 i4i5°C 1395 1360 1100 J33o I TOO 1265 II30 1220 I 112 3-44 1194 4-30 1120 I I20 4-5o 1160 II20 5-5o 1270 I I20 c. Point of solidification according to Carpenter and Kel-ling.§ The calculations were made on the assumption that * Z
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidironsteel, booksubjectiron
