Electricity for public schools and colleges . Oj. What part the H^SO, plays is not knownfor certain. Here we will assume that it only rendersthe water capable of electrolysis. The figure represents the usual arrangement, orone form of it. The vessel contains the acidulatedwater ; A and B are the anode and kathode respec-tively ; C and D are glass vessels at first filled withthe liquid and inverted over the electrodes in order tocollect the gases. When the current passes, the H_, and the O ofthe H.^O are set free in chemical equivalents at thekathode and anode respectively. Errors in thevolumes
Electricity for public schools and colleges . Oj. What part the H^SO, plays is not knownfor certain. Here we will assume that it only rendersthe water capable of electrolysis. The figure represents the usual arrangement, orone form of it. The vessel contains the acidulatedwater ; A and B are the anode and kathode respec-tively ; C and D are glass vessels at first filled withthe liquid and inverted over the electrodes in order tocollect the gases. When the current passes, the H_, and the O ofthe H.^O are set free in chemical equivalents at thekathode and anode respectively. Errors in thevolumes collected occur from the greater solubility ofoxygen, from part of the oxygen being set free in the form of ozone, and fromhydrogen being occluded by the platinum electrode to a greater extent thanis oxygen. The first and third errors can be nearly eliminated by allowingthe action to proceed for some time before collecting the gases ; the seconderror by heating the tube, or by having electrodes of such area that the currentis not too CH. XII. CHEMICAL PHENOMENA 185 In several of the following experiments it is very convenient tohave a V-shaped tube ; the electrodes occupying the two arms ofthe tube respectively. Or we may have an ordinary cell in whichthe two electrodes are separated by a porous earthen diaphragm,or two vessels connected by wet cotton wick. Each of thesemethods enables us to examine at leisure the condition of theliquid about the two electrodes after the action has proceeded forsome time ; the mixing of these two portions of the liquid beingto a greater or less extent prevented. (ii.) Electrolysis of CitSOy — If we employ a solution of CuSO,, we findCu set free at the platinum kathode ; while from the platinum anode is set freeO, the liquid about this electrode at the same time losing colour and showingthe presence of free H^SO,. If we employ copper electrodes we find fresh Cu coating the kathode,while the anode is dissolved with the formation of CuS
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