High School Chemistry . - of its chief properties will occupy the remainderof this chapter. Experiments. I. Throw a bit of freshly-cut potassium on some wateron a plate or in a wide dish. Repeat the experiment,but tinge the water red with litmus solution. (a) Again repeat the experiment in both ways, butuse sodium instead of potassium. 2. Confine a bit of sodiumor potassium not larger thana pea in a cage of wire gauze,and hold it under a tube thathas been inverted full of waterover a dish of water, as inFig. 6. When the sodiumhas disappeared, another piecemay be put in the cage. (Iflarge piece
High School Chemistry . - of its chief properties will occupy the remainderof this chapter. Experiments. I. Throw a bit of freshly-cut potassium on some wateron a plate or in a wide dish. Repeat the experiment,but tinge the water red with litmus solution. (a) Again repeat the experiment in both ways, butuse sodium instead of potassium. 2. Confine a bit of sodiumor potassium not larger thana pea in a cage of wire gauze,and hold it under a tube thathas been inverted full of waterover a dish of water, as inFig. 6. When the sodiumhas disappeared, another piecemay be put in the cage. (Iflarge pieces are used a violentexplosion may occur.) Whenthe tube is filled with gas itmay be lifted and a lightedtaper applied to its Fia. 6. HYDROGEN. 25 3. Make a mixture of water and strong sulphuric acidin the proportion of 6 to i. Fill a test-tube with thismixture, and invert it over a plate containing some ofthe same mixture. Below the test-tube, which mustalways be kept with its mouth below the level of the acidand water, place some small pieces of zinc. 3 (a). Vary this experiment by using a piece of mag-nesium instead of zinc. Explanation.—Such chemical actions as those be-tween sodium or potassium and water, zinc and sulphuricacid, magnesium and sulphuric acid, come under theclass of substitutions in which one or more of theatoms of a molecule, generally the hydrogen, are dis-placed by atoms of other elements. 4. Take a wide-mouthed flask and fit it with a goodcork perforated by two glass tubes, one of which passesnearly to the bottom of the bottle, and has on its upperend a funnel-like expansion ; the other tube merelypasses through thecork, is bent at rightangles, and has a rub-ber tube attached to itf
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