. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. I04 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 1904. G. Froelichii Jan.—Kerner states that this species bears protandrous humble-bee flowers. igo5. G. bavarica L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 341-2; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 181-2, 209, 219, 282, 311.)—This species bears homogamous (according to Kerner protogynous) odourless Lepidopterid flowers, with nectar concealed at a depth of 20-2 mm. Visitors can effect self- as well as cross-pollination, b
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. I04 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 1904. G. Froelichii Jan.—Kerner states that this species bears protandrous humble-bee flowers. igo5. G. bavarica L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 341-2; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 181-2, 209, 219, 282, 311.)—This species bears homogamous (according to Kerner protogynous) odourless Lepidopterid flowers, with nectar concealed at a depth of 20-2 mm. Visitors can effect self- as well as cross-pollination, but foreign pollen is prepotent. Kerner says that the flowers open very quickly, and that only the edge of the stigma is papillose. Visitors.—The most frequent pollinator observed by Herm. Miiller was the diurnal hawk-moth Macroglossa stellatarum L. (proboscis 25-8 mm. long) visiting hundreds of flowers in a few minutes. 1906. G. vema L. (Herm. MuUer, op. cit., pp. 340-1; Kerner, op. cit., pp. 198, 209, 311; Delpino, 'Ult. oss.,' p. 168; MacLeod, ' PyreneSnbl.')—This species bears homogamous (according to Kerner protogynous) Lepidopterid flowers, with nectar concealed at a depth of 23 mm. Their mechanism agrees with that of G. bavarica. Kerner says that the flowers open very quickly. Visitors.—The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated.— Herm. Miiller (Alps) and MacLeod (Pyrenees), the diur- nal hawk-moth Macroglossa stellatarum Z., as the actual pollinator. Hoffer (Steier- mark), the humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. 5. 1907. G. prostrata Haenke. (Kerner,' Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. I, II, p. 391.)- Kerner states that in the pro- tandrous flowers of this species nectar is secreted at the base of the ovary. In unfavourable weather automatic self-pollination takes place pseudo-cleistogamously in the closed flowers. igo8. G. utriculosa L.—Kerner states that the flowers of this species open about 8-9 a. m. and close again about 3-4
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