. Railway track and track work . bration andworking of the rail under traffic, and by the spike killing of the tie by the con-tinual working up and driving down of the spikes. The spike being held byfriction only, the vertical wave motion of the rail under traffic gradually drawsit out, while the lateral thrust on the rail by the wheel flanges (especially oncurves) tends to tilt the rail outwards, drawing the inner spike up and pressingthe outer spike back into the wood. This crushes the fibers and enlarges thespike holes, besides wearing and abrading the neck of the spike. The greatadvantages
. Railway track and track work . bration andworking of the rail under traffic, and by the spike killing of the tie by the con-tinual working up and driving down of the spikes. The spike being held byfriction only, the vertical wave motion of the rail under traffic gradually drawsit out, while the lateral thrust on the rail by the wheel flanges (especially oncurves) tends to tilt the rail outwards, drawing the inner spike up and pressingthe outer spike back into the wood. This crushes the fibers and enlarges thespike holes, besides wearing and abrading the neck of the spike. The greatadvantages of tie-plates in preventing the necking of the spikes have alreadybeen pointed out. Boring holes for the spikes would prevent much crackingand checking of the wood, and holes of diameter xs-in. to |-in. less than the sideof the spike would increase the holding power. The common spike shown at A, Fig. 39, is 5J ins. long under the back of thehead, 6 ins. long over all, ^-in. square, with the end wedge-shaped for about If 08<5. £3. e3 vLU Fig. 39.—Rail Fastenings, Spikes
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublisheretcetc, booksubject
