. The life of the Greeks and Romans. ame of tenaculum, in later imperial times by thatof curia. (The same was the case with the cella of the above-mentioned temple of Jupiter at Pompeii.) To judge by the fewpreserved pieces of the architrave, with the cornice, and by theslabs of painted marble which formed the floor, the beauty andpurity of the style of this temple must have been unsurpassed inRome. According to ancient writers, the interior, most likelythe senate-hall, contained twelve statues of gods by the hands ofthe greatest masters. 66. The third modification of the Roman temple above re
. The life of the Greeks and Romans. ame of tenaculum, in later imperial times by thatof curia. (The same was the case with the cella of the above-mentioned temple of Jupiter at Pompeii.) To judge by the fewpreserved pieces of the architrave, with the cornice, and by theslabs of painted marble which formed the floor, the beauty andpurity of the style of this temple must have been unsurpassed inRome. According to ancient writers, the interior, most likelythe senate-hall, contained twelve statues of gods by the hands ofthe greatest masters. 66. The third modification of the Roman temple above referredto was caused by the introduction of a mode of construction seldomused by the Greeks, and never on a large scale. It enabledRoman architects to cover the cellas of the temples in an imposingmonumental manner. We are speaking of the vault, by the boldand consistent development of which Roman architecture differsessentially from the art of the Greeks. We cannot here discusswhether and when the art of vaulting became known to the. 34. TEMPLE AT HELIOPOLIS. Greeks, or whether it was invented by the Italians. Suffice it tosay, that vaulted buildings occur at a very early period amongstthe Etruscans and other Italian tribes; but that it was left to theRomans to carry this important principle to its technical andsesthetieal perfection. We shall have frequently to speak of thevault, as applied to canals, bridges, aqueducts, gates, and trium-phal arches. By its means the Romans were enabled to get overarchitectural difficulties in a manner differing from, and muchgrander than, any known to the Greeks. At present, we mustconsider the vault in its influence on the development of thetemple. The exterior of the temple never displays vaults orarches in any noticeable manner; the interior, on the other hand,wTas considerably transformed by the new principle, even the largest cell^e now being spanned bybold and richly decorated vaults, insteadof the flat formerlyin use
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