An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic resource] : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture, including all the latest improvements, a general history of agriculture in all countries, and a statistical view of its present state, with suggestions for its future progress in the British Isles encyclopdiaofa02loud Year: 1831 Book VII. BREEDING OF HORSES. 997 ifig. 844. e), and the last
An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic resource] : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture, including all the latest improvements, a general history of agriculture in all countries, and a statistical view of its present state, with suggestions for its future progress in the British Isles encyclopdiaofa02loud Year: 1831 Book VII. BREEDING OF HORSES. 997 ifig. 844. e), and the last temporaneous grinder disappears: at tive years old the tushes in the horse usually appear ; at five and a half they are completely out, and the internal wall of the upper nippers, which 845 ^^ a before was incompletely formed, is now on a level with the rest; at this period the incisive or nippers have all of them a cavity formed in the substance between the inner and outer walls [fig. ), and it is the disappearance of this that marks the age : at six years those in the front nippers below are filled up '\fig. 845. f), the tushes are likewise slightly blunted: at seven years the mark or cavity in the middle nippers is filled up, and the tushes a little more worn {fig. ) : at eight years old the corner nippers are likewise plain, and the tushes are round and shortened (fig. 845. g). In mares, tlie incisive or nippers alone present a criterion {fig. 845. a); at this period the horse is said to be aged, and to have lost his mark; but among good judges the teeth still exhibit sufficient indications. At nine the groove in the tushes in worn away nearly, and the nippers become rather rounded : at ten these appearances are stiU stronger: at twelve the tushes only exhibit a rounded stump, the nippers push forward, become yellow, and as the age advances, appear triangular and usually uneven. 6f!2(). 3/. St. Bel, the late professor of the English Veterinary College, used
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