A history of the ancient world, for high schools and academies . where he was mur-dered as he sought to land. But lesser commanders heldout in the various provinces against the victor and he wascompelled to make a series of campaigns against , the east was brought into order. In Egypt, Cleo- Caesarpatra and her brother Ptolemy, descendants of the old Ro^Vn*Greek rulers, were placed on the throne under Roman A battle at Zela (47 ) overthrew the sonof Mithridates, who attempted to withstand him. Theformidable array of Pompeian generals in Africa was anni-hilated i
A history of the ancient world, for high schools and academies . where he was mur-dered as he sought to land. But lesser commanders heldout in the various provinces against the victor and he wascompelled to make a series of campaigns against , the east was brought into order. In Egypt, Cleo- Caesarpatra and her brother Ptolemy, descendants of the old Ro^Vn*Greek rulers, were placed on the throne under Roman A battle at Zela (47 ) overthrew the sonof Mithridates, who attempted to withstand him. Theformidable array of Pompeian generals in Africa was anni-hilated in the battle of Thapsus (46 ). A last standin Spain was made, only to be overthrown in 45 , atthe battle of Munda. After four years of fighting, Caesarwas master of the situation, and the opportunity was open 350 Romes Eastern Empire His Death. to him of solving the problems of the state, which had beenin the balance for nearly a hundred years. But early in45 (March 15) he was assassinated in the senate- , „ ,„„ BATTLE OF / iA%w^. I ?n.(f,,ii His Workof Reor-ganization. ItsSpirit. house by a band of conspirators, led by Gaius Cassiusand a favorite friend, Marcus Brutus, and the Romanworld again plunged into anarchy. 420. In the intervals of his campaigns, however, Caesarset himself to re-establish public order and civil adminis-tration both by his example and spirit and by his laws,(i) His attitude toward his enemies was an astonishinglymild one. No murders, no wholesale seizure of property,no gratifying of personal grudges marked his victory; onthe contrary, forgiveness of injuries and the employmentof vanquished opponents in state service was the can only mean that the welfare of the state and not Cccsars Adnmiistration 351 personal ambition ruled his spirit. (2) He recognizedhis victory as the supremacy of the magistracy over the Theother organs of state-life. The senate and the people had su^remr^alike failed to administer affairs wi
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