Makers of South America . in peaceand prosperity. Even his opponents admitted thatthe great Schoolmaster Presidents administration pro-moted only the best interests of all the people, theireducation, their resources, and harmony between prov-inces which had once fought in bitter rivalry. After his six-year term was over he served in Con-gress and shared in every intellectual and moral move-ment, giving all his best powers, up to the time ofhis death at the age of seventy-seven, that the peopleof his country might have a little of all they missedin opportunity and happiness during the terrible
Makers of South America . in peaceand prosperity. Even his opponents admitted thatthe great Schoolmaster Presidents administration pro-moted only the best interests of all the people, theireducation, their resources, and harmony between prov-inces which had once fought in bitter rivalry. After his six-year term was over he served in Con-gress and shared in every intellectual and moral move-ment, giving all his best powers, up to the time ofhis death at the age of seventy-seven, that the peopleof his country might have a little of all they missedin opportunity and happiness during the terrible yearsof revolution and bloodshed. In the midst of all the honors which the gratefulArgentines heaped upon their noblest statesman, andthe incessant demands of public life upon his timeand energy, Sarmiento never ceased to work for what,as a boy in school, he had conceived to be the founda-tion of national life. Give me the department ofschools, he once wrote to a friend. This is all thefuture of the Republic. DOM PEDRO II. DOM PEDRO II DOM PEDRO II It was a strange prank that history played uponthe people of South America about a century when the Spanish-owned colonies were on thebrink of the revolution which made them independentrepublics, the Portuguese territory of Brazil welcomedto her port of Rio de Janeiro the royal family ofPortugal, driven into temporary exile by Napoleonand the armies of France. A royal charter graciouslydeclared Brazil a kingdom, and the king on his recallto Lisbon left his son, Pedro I, as regent. The othercolonies fought for fifteen years to become republics;Brazil became a monarchy as a matter of course anda few years later, in 1822, won her independence withhardly a struggle. Then, instead of running true to form, the monarchycame much nearer being a real republic than its neigh-bors which, though called republics, were usuallyunder the thumb of military dictators during thatchaotic first half century of their had a co
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