. Elements of chemistry ... nd body ? What is the combining number, or atomicweight, of carbon ? When diamond, or charcoal, is burned in a confined por-tion of oxygen gas, what effect does the combustion have on the volume andweight of the gas ? 172 CARBON AND OXYGEN. This acid can. however, be obtained by a much cheaper,and more direct method, than by the combustion of diamond,or even of charcoal, in oxygen gas. Carbonic acid exists in a fixed state, in vast abundance,as a part of the composition of limestone or marble. Thischemical compound, so abundant in nature as to form im-mense mountain
. Elements of chemistry ... nd body ? What is the combining number, or atomicweight, of carbon ? When diamond, or charcoal, is burned in a confined por-tion of oxygen gas, what effect does the combustion have on the volume andweight of the gas ? 172 CARBON AND OXYGEN. This acid can. however, be obtained by a much cheaper,and more direct method, than by the combustion of diamond,or even of charcoal, in oxygen gas. Carbonic acid exists in a fixed state, in vast abundance,as a part of the composition of limestone or marble. Thischemical compound, so abundant in nature as to form im-mense mountains, is composed of 22 parts of carbonic acid,and 28 of lime. 329. Preparation of Carbonic Acid.—Carbonic acid maytherefore, be obtained most readily, by exposing carbonateof lime to the action of some acid which has a strongeraffinity to the lime than the acid has with which it is nat-urally combined, and thus by forming a new compoundbetween the lime and the stronger acid, the carbonic acidwill be set at liberty. Fig. For this purpose introduce pure white marble, in smallfragments, into the two necked bottle a, Fig. 58, having thebent tubf, c, connected with one of the necks, and passingunder the jar d, filled with water and inverted in the waterbath. Then pour through the funnel Z>, some sulphuric acid, In what natural compound is carbonic acid contained in great abundance?What proportion of carbonic acid does marble contain ? What are the che-mical principles on which carbonic acid may be obtained from limestone, ormarble ? Explain Fig. 58, and describe the process of obtaining carbonicacid gas from marble ? CARBON AND OXYGEN. 173 diluted with five or six parts of water. Effervescence willimmediately ensue, in consequence of the escape of the gas,which in a few minutes will be seen to rise in bubblesthrough the water in the jar. The chemical changes during this process illustrate thelaw of simple affinity, formerly explained, viz., that one sub-stance may have an at
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