. Refraction and how to refract : including sections on optics, retinoscopy, the fitting of spectacles and eye-glasses, es. After thishas been accomplished, if the insufficiency still persists andthe patient is not comfortable, then the muscles should re-ceive careful attention, and their condition be studicti fromevery point of view. The patients general health shouldbe looked after, and if at all defective, must have remediesprescribed for its improvement. In some instances tiie 184 REFRACTION AND HOW TO RKFRACT. patient may have to give up any close application of theeyes for a time a


. Refraction and how to refract : including sections on optics, retinoscopy, the fitting of spectacles and eye-glasses, es. After thishas been accomplished, if the insufficiency still persists andthe patient is not comfortable, then the muscles should re-ceive careful attention, and their condition be studicti fromevery point of view. The patients general health shouldbe looked after, and if at all defective, must have remediesprescribed for its improvement. In some instances tiie 184 REFRACTION AND HOW TO RKFRACT. patient may have to give up any close application of theeyes for a time and pursue an out-door life. Operativeinterference (tenotom)-) must not be entertained until allknown means for the relief of the muscular asthenopiahave been exhausted. The prescribing of prisms, as a fixed rule, for permanentuse, which correct insufficiency, except in vertical errors, isoften a serious mistake on the part of the surgeon, as inmost instances they often do more harm than good by in-creasing the difficulty. Internally, sedatives will frequently Phorometer •— RevolvingTrial Frame Revolving Rotary Prism. Fig. 157. give great satisfaction and permanent relief The writer ispartial to the use of bromids with small doses of the iodidof potash three or four times a da}\ The modus operandiis not clear. The only guide that can be suggested is touse sedative treatment and rest of the eyes whenever thereis a congestion of the choroid and retina and when theophthalmoscope shows the nerve edges hazy, the retinawoolly, etc. In another class of patients the internal useof nux xomica is the treatment piv cxcclloicc, and it actsbest in those cases where the nerve edges and the e\-e-ground in general appear clear and free from irritation. MUSCLES. 1S5 To use mix vomica it must be i^nveii iu the form of thetincture and increased, one drop at eacli dose, until thepatient becomes quite tolerant of it, taking as high as thirty,forty, or even fifty drops three times a day, and then


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