. The horse : its varieties and management in health and disease. hem, above the nostrils. This preventsmotion which might favour the return of the medicinewhen the foregoing directions have not been perfectlycarried out. If the operation is successful, the passage ofthe bolus down the gullet on the left or near side of theneck will put the matter beyond all doubt. Some horses after a time of illness, or from repeatedattempts by inefficient or care-less operators, grow very cun-ning, and even vicious. Theywill retract the tongue, closelyfix the jaws, twist, raise, or de-press the head and neck


. The horse : its varieties and management in health and disease. hem, above the nostrils. This preventsmotion which might favour the return of the medicinewhen the foregoing directions have not been perfectlycarried out. If the operation is successful, the passage ofthe bolus down the gullet on the left or near side of theneck will put the matter beyond all doubt. Some horses after a time of illness, or from repeatedattempts by inefficient or care-less operators, grow very cun-ning, and even vicious. Theywill retract the tongue, closelyfix the jaws, twist, raise, or de-press the head and neck sopowerfully, that without assist-ance one person is also the mouth isnarrow, and the sharp edges ofthe molar teeth seriously injureiron Gag or Bailing iron. the hands of the operator. Un-der these circumstances one ormore assistants are required to restrain the animal, and agag, or balling iron, as shown in the engraving, is used tokeep the jaws open while the ball is passed over the rootof the tongue. Much care and patience is needed, while. Materia-Medica. 175 severe punishment and brutality must be avoided, orexisting matters will be greatly aggravated. Balling guns or proba?igs are made of various kindsand designs for administering solid forms of medicineunder the circumstances alluded to in the foregoing para-graph, being sufficiently long for the purpose, while theoperator may avoid blows from the fore feet of theanimal. Engravings with full description will be foundin the larger work on the diseases of the Horse. Thehand is the safest for general use, and by means of theiron gag very satisfactory results have been achieved bythe exercise of patience, even with crafty or viciousanimals. As a last resource such animals may be cast,the effect upon some being a lasting impression of defeat,leading to surprising docility. Pointed sticks shouldnever be used. Avoid boluses when the throat is in-flamed and swallowing difficult. The Drench is the fluid form in


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksub, booksubjecthorsemanship