. The history of Springfield in Massachusetts, for the young; being also in some part the history of other towns and cities in the county of Hampden. a still larger river orrather, lake, stretching at your feet. Then you have passedover two levels and are on the third. It would be well if theselevels were called terraces, as they are in geology. The lowerone extends through the whole length of the city; the nextappears near Brightwood and with Chestnut and Maple streetsat its western border, loses itself under Crescent Hill; thehighest is continuous throughout the city and extends to theeaster
. The history of Springfield in Massachusetts, for the young; being also in some part the history of other towns and cities in the county of Hampden. a still larger river orrather, lake, stretching at your feet. Then you have passedover two levels and are on the third. It would be well if theselevels were called terraces, as they are in geology. The lowerone extends through the whole length of the city; the nextappears near Brightwood and with Chestnut and Maple streetsat its western border, loses itself under Crescent Hill; thehighest is continuous throughout the city and extends to theeastern limits. We may call the three the lower, the middleand the upper terrace. They are indicated on the map on apreceding page. The lay of the land in Springfield is not only affected bythe motion of the great body of water from north to southbut in a lesser degree by smaller currents flowing one should start at Cornell street for a walk, along the verybrow of the hill, keeping as close to it as he could, except forthe houses and private grounds that would prevent it beingexactly close, and end his walk at Long Hill, he would find it. .1 Flaggs Hillock and Summerhouse. NATURAL FEATURES 17 a long walk indeed, much longer because of the windings andturnings of the different small valleys and ravines that cutinto the general line of the bank. These are the work of watereither surface water or water bursting from springs in thehigher lands and cutting channels in the earth by carryingthe earth itself away. In Springfield this process is prettymuch stopped now, but it can still be seen going with strikingeffect, at a place on the old Smith farm (now Fitch farm) inTatham in West Springfield, a place that has for years beenknown as the Cave Hole. The great ravines in Forest Parkwere produced in this way. Just how all the separate hills and hillocks of Springfieldwere made would be an interesting study and a few of themmay be mentioned. Round Hill, for example, provokes anatu
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