. Natural philosophy. including statics, hydrostatics, pneumatics, dynamics, hydrodynamics, the general theory of undulations, the science of sound, the mechanical theory of music, etc. : designed for the use of normal and grammar schools, and the higher classes in common schools . from anorifice of the same diameter in a thiu wall and 1*5 timesijreater than the theoretical flow. 148 HYDRODYNAMICS. [^it 332. As the velocity of a liquid escaping through anorifice is the same as it would have acquired Fig. filling freely in vacuo through a spaceequal to the distance of the orifice below th
. Natural philosophy. including statics, hydrostatics, pneumatics, dynamics, hydrodynamics, the general theory of undulations, the science of sound, the mechanical theory of music, etc. : designed for the use of normal and grammar schools, and the higher classes in common schools . from anorifice of the same diameter in a thiu wall and 1*5 timesijreater than the theoretical flow. 148 HYDRODYNAMICS. [^it 332. As the velocity of a liquid escaping through anorifice is the same as it would have acquired Fig. filling freely in vacuo through a spaceequal to the distance of the orifice below thelevel of the liquid, it follows that a jet ofwater spouting upwards should rise to the ^^level of the liquid in the reservoir. In prac- mtice, however, the spouting jet never reachesthis height owing to certain disturbingforces, namely:— 1st. Friction in the conducting tube in part destroys the Atmospheric The returning water falls upon that which is rising and thus tends to stop its ascent. J^OTE.—The height to which the Hquid spouts is increased by: 1st. Having the orifice very small in comparison with the conducting Piercing the orifice in a very thin wall; and3rd. Inclining the jet a little so as to avoid the returning Example 402.—With what velocity does water issue from asmall aperture at the bottom of a vessel filled to the height of100 feet? SOLUTION. Formula Iv = 8^h = 8^100 = 8 x 10 = 80 feet per second. 403.—What quantity of water will be discharged inone minute from an aperture of half an inch in area—the heightof the water in the vessel being kept constant at 10 feet abovethe centre of the orifice ? solutio:n. Here a = ^ square inch = -^-i-s o^ ^ square foot, The cubic feet discharged in 1 second = 8 aJk. Cubic feet discharged in 1 minute = 60 x 8a X -^ft = 60 X ^f-^j- X ^10-= 60 X .1^. X 3162 = 5-27 cubic feet = the theoretical quantity, and 527 Xi = 3-29 cubic feet = triie quantity. Example 40
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