. The American encyclopædia of commerce, manufactures, commercial law, and finance. five octaves, from C to C. This now, however, in thobest instruments, is virtually converted into seven by the moreperfect arrangement of the .stops. The valves are beneath thekey board and on top of the wind-box, witllin which are the dif-ferent rows of reeds, the pitch of which is regulated by theirsi/.., wliirh v:iries from half an inch to 3\ inches in length,whiii lir .( iiifv of the sound is modified by the breadth oftil, |nri Kill and the shape of the hole covered by thev:i \. 1 111
. The American encyclopædia of commerce, manufactures, commercial law, and finance. five octaves, from C to C. This now, however, in thobest instruments, is virtually converted into seven by the moreperfect arrangement of the .stops. The valves are beneath thekey board and on top of the wind-box, witllin which are the dif-ferent rows of reeds, the pitch of which is regulated by theirsi/.., wliirh v:iries from half an inch to 3\ inches in length,whiii lir .( iiifv of the sound is modified by the breadth oftil, |nri Kill and the shape of the hole covered by thev:i \. 1 111 i i^ suppliedby means of bellows with two , nhiili llii: 1 liner moves alternately with his feet. For thedci p bass notes the springs are heavily loaded at the loose end, tomake them vibrate slowly ; while for the higher notes they aiemade thinner at that end. Some harmoniums have only onerow of reeds, others four; .some also have two rows of a knee movement has been introduced, by which asmalldegree of crescendo maybe produced on either bass Fig 258. — Accordion. The accordion, or accordeon, is a musical instru-ment which differs from the harmonium in sizeand the mode of manipulation, but is constructedon the same principle. It consists (Fig, 258) of asmall oblong box, of from 8 to 20 inches in length,with an inside row of small elastic springs, orlamina;, fixed in a metallic plate at one end in sucha manner as to allow them to vibrate freely. A bel-lows, or folding apparatus, unites the upper andlower parts, ami sup])lies the springs with the nec-essary air to put them in motion. To these the airis adiuitted by valves, which, in the same manneras in an organ, are acted on by the keys. A bassnote, or drone, is also added. The compass of themost perfect instrument is from G, the fourth spaceon the bass cleff, to E, the seventh additional spaceabove the treble, all the semitones inclusive. SeeOucukstron. HARNESS 521 HARP Hcirness, the i;o
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