. Nature-study; a manual for teachers and students. Nature study. 312 NATURE-STUDY within during the winter. Do not tell the pupils that the scales are warm, cozy blankets or jackets that prevent the freezing of the buds in winter, for that is not true. In weather 20 below zero or more these thin scales would be scant pro- tection against freezing. Ask the children if they would want nothing more on in such weather. In fact the buds do freeze within. Providing the freezing, and es- pecially the thawing out, proceed slowly, a frozen ear will not be perma- nently injured. Frozen apples Fig. 116.
. Nature-study; a manual for teachers and students. Nature study. 312 NATURE-STUDY within during the winter. Do not tell the pupils that the scales are warm, cozy blankets or jackets that prevent the freezing of the buds in winter, for that is not true. In weather 20 below zero or more these thin scales would be scant pro- tection against freezing. Ask the children if they would want nothing more on in such weather. In fact the buds do freeze within. Providing the freezing, and es- pecially the thawing out, proceed slowly, a frozen ear will not be perma- nently injured. Frozen apples Fig. 116. Buds are Condensed Branches. ^^*^ pOtatOCS Tlie two upper twitjs show youiit,'branches that have come from buds as Can bC rCStOrcd. short as those 0 t two lower twigs. Lilac. in good condi- tion if thawed slowly, but if thawed rapidly become flabby and soon decay. It is somewhat the same with vegetation in winter. The artificial covering that we put over the pansy and strawberry beds in winter does not prevent the freezing of these plants, but it does prevent sudden freezing and thawing. The nonconducting htter over the plants per- mits these changes to take place only slowly. So also the scales on the buds are nonconductors and serve a similar purpose. The natural litter of leaves and grass protects many seeds, roots, and stems of plants in winter. Even the snow is a protective covering in this sense, preventing the killing of winter wheat and clover and many wild Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Holtz, Frederick Leopold, 1870-. New York, C. Scribner's Sons
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