. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. FORESTS bance is quite variable in degree and may affect any stratum. In areas severely invaded by exotic shrubs and vines, succession may be altered so the structure of the forest is drastically changed. Exotic weeds also alter the biodiversity of Illinois forests. Japanese honey- suckle and multiflora rose are two exotic weeds recognized by the IEWA that pose serious threats to the forests of Illi
. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. FORESTS bance is quite variable in degree and may affect any stratum. In areas severely invaded by exotic shrubs and vines, succession may be altered so the structure of the forest is drastically changed. Exotic weeds also alter the biodiversity of Illinois forests. Japanese honey- suckle and multiflora rose are two exotic weeds recognized by the IEWA that pose serious threats to the forests of Illinois, and for these species, "It shall be unlawful for any person, corporation, political subdivi- sion, agency or department of the State to buy, sell, offer for sale, distribute or plant seeds, plants, or plant parts, of exotic weeds without a permit issued by the Department of Conservation" (Gould and Gould 1991). Exotic weeds are a serious problem in Illinois forests, and recovery depends on the appropriate actions taken and enforced, such as those stated in the Illinois Exotic Weed Act. Threatened and Endangered Forest Plants Threatened and endangered plants make up 17% of our native Illinois flora. Threatened plants are those likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future, and endangered plants are those in danger of extirpa- tion from Illinois. Three hundred fifty-six taxa are listed as threatened or endangered under the Illinois Endangered Species Act (Herkert 1991). Forty-nine percent of these taxa have been found in the forests of Illinois. Thirty-three threatened taxa are listed in Table 7, and 142 endangered taxa are listed in Table 8. Of the 172 vascular plant families in the Illinois flora (Mohlenbrock 1986), 32% are represented by these threatened and endangered forest taxa. The sedge family (Cyperaceae) has the most taxa (22), followed by the grass family (Poaceae) with 14, and the aster (Asteraceae) and orchid (Orchidaceae) families with 10
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