Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . der and oftoxin uniting with the cell-receptor: a, Cell-receptor; h, toxin molecule;c, haptophore of toxin molecule; d, toxophore of toxin molecule; e, hapto-phore of the ceU-receptor (Ehrlich). The haptophore or combining group, by which the toxinmolecule can join the receptor of the cell, and {B) the toxo-phore, or poisoning group, by which means it can attack thecell protoplasm after having been fixed to it by the hapto-phore group. The effect of the toxin depends on
Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . der and oftoxin uniting with the cell-receptor: a, Cell-receptor; h, toxin molecule;c, haptophore of toxin molecule; d, toxophore of toxin molecule; e, hapto-phore of the ceU-receptor (Ehrlich). The haptophore or combining group, by which the toxinmolecule can join the receptor of the cell, and {B) the toxo-phore, or poisoning group, by which means it can attack thecell protoplasm after having been fixed to it by the hapto-phore group. The effect of the toxin depends on the number of mole-cules attached to the cell. A great number would bring 38 ESSENTIALS Or BACTERIOLOGY about death of the cell, while a few would act as an irri-tant. Weigerts Law.—^When a cell is attacked by a few mole-cules of toxin, it reacts by forming new side chains or recep-tors, and, in accordance with the law of Weigert, always inexcess. Repeated injections of toxins in increasing dosescause such an overproduction of receptors of the first orderthat they are thrust from the cell and float free in the blood-. Fig. 7.—Graphic representation of receptors of the second order andof some substances imiting with one of them: c, Cell-receptor of thesecond order; d, toxophore or zymophorous group of the receptor; e,haptophore of the receptor; /, food substance or product of bacterialdisintegration uniting with the haptophore of the cell-receptor (Ehrlich). stream. Here they can combine with toxin molecules, justas when they are attached to the cell. By thus combining,they prevent the toxin from reaching the cells. Antitoxins are specific in their action; that is, each anti-toxin will neutralize only a certain toxin. Thus diphtheriaantitoxin wiU not neutralize tetanus toxin or snake venom, IMMUNITY 39 nor will tetanus antitoxin neutralize diphtheria toxin orsnake venom. Lock and Key Theory.—^This specific action is explained bysupposing the molecule of toxin to have a s
Size: 1536px × 1626px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublisherphila, bookyear1913
