The Seven Bishops, being escorted to trial, 1688


Illustration from Cassell's illustrated history of England published circa 1896. Info from wiki: The Seven Bishops of the Church of England were those imprisoned and tried for seditious libel related to their opposition to the second Declaration of Indulgence, issued by James II in 1688. In a major embarrassment to the Crown, they were found not guilty. The bishops exercised the right to petition preserved in Magna Carta (1215) (clause 61). The following year Parliament cited James II's trial of the Seven Bishops as a grievance. It explicitly preserved the right of petition in the Bill of Rights (1689). These rights of petition for redress of grievances and of religion and conscience were preserved in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.


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