Byzantine and Romanesque architecture . cathedrals in France seem tohave been without chapels, and indeed without ambu-latories. Many of those in the south and west of Francestill end in plain apses like the cathedral of Angers, oreven end square like that of Poitiers and several of thedomed churches of Perigord. Autun, built in the middle of the 12th century, endsdirectly with three apses for choir and side aisles, andno ambulatory or radiating chapels ; and this is the oldbasilican plan of the Pantocrator at Constantinople, andscores of churches in Italy and Dalmatia. The cathedralsof Sens a
Byzantine and Romanesque architecture . cathedrals in France seem tohave been without chapels, and indeed without ambu-latories. Many of those in the south and west of Francestill end in plain apses like the cathedral of Angers, oreven end square like that of Poitiers and several of thedomed churches of Perigord. Autun, built in the middle of the 12th century, endsdirectly with three apses for choir and side aisles, andno ambulatory or radiating chapels ; and this is the oldbasilican plan of the Pantocrator at Constantinople, andscores of churches in Italy and Dalmatia. The cathedralsof Sens and Langres, built towards the end of the 12thcentury, finish with an ambulatory and a single chapel pro-jecting beyond it at the east end. As early however as theI ith century chapels appear in greater number, sometimesattached directly to the wall of the main apse as at Cahors,Souillac and Angouleme {v. sup. Fig. ]]), sometimesdivided from it by an ambulatory aisle as at Vignory, ^^7: Plate CX ^ •?rl ?K ?1 n ? mfS^ ?? a. V I t ?;^__t^! ^ A*/?:*; ?^*^ iZ^ S. BERTRAN]) DE CH. xxi] FRANCE—TOULOUSE 85 Fontevrault, Agen, and the churches of Auvergne. They Thewere more numerous in conventual churches than in cathe- J^^^^drals or parish churches at first, probably because of thejealous exclusion of the laity from the choir which was re-served for the brethren, which necessitated the provision ofother places for the people. But as time went on chapelsclustered as thickly round the apses of the cathedrals asround those of the abbeys, and Le Mans has no fewerthan thirteen. In England the chevet with radiating Thechapels is found at Westminster, and nowhere else; but EnglandWestminster though English in detail is French in of the kind is attempted at Pershore, butvery ineffectively. At Tewkesbury the attempt is moresuccessful, but even there the resemblance to the Frenchchevet is very imperfect, and the architectural effect fallsvery far short of th
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