. Oil investigations in 1917 and 1918 . es. Mr. Frank J. Maddenassisted in the gaging of wells and other work in the field. Great aid was given by the numerous farm and lease foremen,employees, and officers of the companies, especially Mr. J. K. Kerr, W. Baker and Mr. Walter Lowrie, Mr. John Bell, Mr. R. S. Blatch-ley, Mr. Carl Morrison, Mr. Lawrence Myers, Mr. W. J. Hurd, and Karnes. The work was a cooperative one, and grateful ac-knowledgment of the assistance they rendered is made. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM One of the most widespread and troublesome problems affectingproduction
. Oil investigations in 1917 and 1918 . es. Mr. Frank J. Maddenassisted in the gaging of wells and other work in the field. Great aid was given by the numerous farm and lease foremen,employees, and officers of the companies, especially Mr. J. K. Kerr, W. Baker and Mr. Walter Lowrie, Mr. John Bell, Mr. R. S. Blatch-ley, Mr. Carl Morrison, Mr. Lawrence Myers, Mr. W. J. Hurd, and Karnes. The work was a cooperative one, and grateful ac-knowledgment of the assistance they rendered is made. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM One of the most widespread and troublesome problems affectingproduction throughout the State is the great amount of water being WATER CONTROL, FLAT ROCK POOL 105 pumped to the surface along with the oil in the process of recovery. Thewater is separated from the oil by gravity. The methods of pumpingand preparing oil for the market have been covered by Itis usually necessary to steam the oil before the water will settle outsufficiently to render the product acceptable to the pipe-line Fig. 20. Photograph of a casing corroded by water in theFlat Rock Pool. Pumping large amounts of water with the oil is subject to the follow-ing economical disadvantages: 1. Power is wasted in lifting the water to the surface. While it can not be said that the power cost would vary in directproportion to the amount of fluid handled, nevertheless if the watercontent were eliminated it is certain the cost of production would bematerially decreased. 1 Blatchley, Raymond S., The oil fields of Crawford and Lawrence counties:111. State Geol. Survey Bull. 22, p. 159, 1913. 106 OIL INVESTIGATIONS 2. Corrosion of casing (fig. 20), rods, and lease piping occasionsconsiderable expense of replacing such equipment which could beavoided if the amount of water were reduced. 3. The production of a well is often greatly reduced by ingress ofwater. The exclusion of water from oil and gas productive strata wastherefore undertaken as the first step in retarding the
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