. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. / / Mandibular Valve Esophagus Fig. 348. Diagrams illustrating the mechanism of respiration in teleosts. a, phase of inspiration; b, phase of expiration; c, anterior view of the mouth valves. In a and b the anterior part (in front of break in wall of oral cavity) represents a vertical section, and the posterior part (in the vicinity of the gills) a horizontal section. Arrows indicate direction of water current and pressure, and those passing through walls
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. / / Mandibular Valve Esophagus Fig. 348. Diagrams illustrating the mechanism of respiration in teleosts. a, phase of inspiration; b, phase of expiration; c, anterior view of the mouth valves. In a and b the anterior part (in front of break in wall of oral cavity) represents a vertical section, and the posterior part (in the vicinity of the gills) a horizontal section. Arrows indicate direction of water current and pressure, and those passing through walls of oral cavity the expansion and contraction of the opercular apparatus. In a, the respiratory valves (maxillary and mandibular) are open, and the branchiostegal membranes closed. In b, this condition is reversed, (a and b, after Dahlgren, from Sayles, Manual for Comparative Anatomy, copy- right 1938, by permission of The Macmillan Company, publishers; c, after Kingsley.) The anterior set of these valves are collapsible folds along the inner edge of the mouth opening, those of the upper edge being called maxillary, and of the lower, mandibular. They reach their greatest differentiation in teleost fishes which have a well-developed opercular apparatus. The posterior, or branchiostegal, set of valves are membranes along the free margins of the opercular flaps (Fig. 348). A freely moving current of water is produced in. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Walter, Herbert Eugene, b. 1867; Sayles, Leonard Perkins, 1902-. New York : Macmillan Co.
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