. An illustrated manual of British birds . seeds; while in winter both young andold frequent rick-yards, highroads and even streets of towns, for thehorse-droppings. The male has a slight, though somewhat pleasantsong, but the ordinary call-note is a shrill chirp. In captivity thisspecies has bred with the House-Sparrow. Unlike the preceding species, the sexes are alike in plumage. Theadult has the lores and a streak under each eye black ; crown andnape warm reddish-brown ; cheeks and ear-coverts white, with a tri-angular black patch ; mantle, wings and tail much as in the maleHouse-Sparrow, b


. An illustrated manual of British birds . seeds; while in winter both young andold frequent rick-yards, highroads and even streets of towns, for thehorse-droppings. The male has a slight, though somewhat pleasantsong, but the ordinary call-note is a shrill chirp. In captivity thisspecies has bred with the House-Sparrow. Unlike the preceding species, the sexes are alike in plumage. Theadult has the lores and a streak under each eye black ; crown andnape warm reddish-brown ; cheeks and ear-coverts white, with a tri-angular black patch ; mantle, wings and tail much as in the maleHouse-Sparrow, but both upper and lower wing-coverts tipped withwhite, forming two distinct bands ; chin and throat to upper breastblack ; under parts greyish-white, brownish on the flanks ; bill black ;legs and feet pale brown. Length 5-6 in. ; wing 275 in. In theyoung bird the plumage is duller, and the bands on the wings aretinged with buff. As shown by the above measurements it is adecidedly smaller species than the House-Sparrow. FRINGILLIN.^^. 175. THE CHAFFINCH. Fringilla C(i:LEBs, Linnaeus. The Chaffinch is a common and generally distributed speciesthroughout the cultivated or wooded portions of the British Islands :it may even be found nesting in low bushes in some of the treelessOuter Hebrides, and also at a considerable elevation in the mountainsof Scotland, where it is undoubtedly increasing. As yet it has notbeen recorded as breeding in the Shetlands, although it visits themin winter; at that season large flocks arrive from the Continent onour east coast, while other bands, from the north of our island, s[)ieadthemselves over the inland provinces. Owing to a partial andtemporary separation of the sexes at this time, the name cxlebs, orbachelor, was used by Linnaeus in reference to the deserted males. As a straggler, the Chaffinch has been obtained in the Fteroes,and in summer it occurs, in comparatively small numbers, nearly upto the North Cape ; while south of the Arctic circle i


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