The international geography . ed by the dwellers there the roof of the world, and, as the name Pamirreally indicates, consists of a series of valleys and ridges. The ridgesrise several thousand feet above the valleys, whose floors are at the greataverage elevation of 11,000 feet above sea-level. From the Pamirs themountains spread out both west and east. The eastern ranges separate asthey pass eastward. The western ranges are drawn together in theArmenian plateau to another node, which is neither so compact, so exten-sive, nor so lofty. Two very different regions spread longitudinallythroughou
The international geography . ed by the dwellers there the roof of the world, and, as the name Pamirreally indicates, consists of a series of valleys and ridges. The ridgesrise several thousand feet above the valleys, whose floors are at the greataverage elevation of 11,000 feet above sea-level. From the Pamirs themountains spread out both west and east. The eastern ranges separate asthey pass eastward. The western ranges are drawn together in theArmenian plateau to another node, which is neither so compact, so exten-sive, nor so lofty. Two very different regions spread longitudinallythroughout this vast mountain area ; a northern one of relative depression,a southern one of relative elevation. The Yalta (Crimea), Caucasus, TianShan, Altai and Yablono\yi mountains rise steeply from the Old World Low-lands and form the northern ranges of the Mountain Area. South of these liethe hollows of the Black and Caspian Seas with the Kura depression between,and the Kara-kum and Shamo basins, with the Kizil-su vallev Fig. 226.—Mountain Systems of Asia. 428 The International Geography The central ranges, Pontus, Elburz, Hindu Kush and Kwen-lun, rise steeplyfrom these depressions, but have much shorter slopes on the south to theplateaux of Asia Minor, Iran, an^d Tibet. These plateaux are bounded on thesouth by the Taurus, South Persian, Sulaiman, and Himalaya ranges, whichhave short slopes to the plateaux on the north, but very steep slopes tothe flood plains which separate the Old World Mountain Area from theTableland. Most of these mountains have an axis of Archaean rock withsedimentary strata of different ages, down to the early Tertiary, which wereformed before the last , on either flank. Great glaciers descendfrom the snow gathered in their loftiest hollows, whence many largerivers flow to southern and eastern seas. The Euphrates and Tigris rise inthe Armenian plateau, collecting tributaries from the southern ranges thatmeet there, and flow to the Persia
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectgeography, bookyear19
