[Fruit culture] . npests of shade trees, and where they are abundant the cater-pillars prove to be destructive of foliage on apple trees. In 46 APPLE PESTS AND INJURIES 6 Fig. 31 (a) is illustrated the mature caterpillar of the willowtussock moth; in (b) is shown the caterpillar of the rusty tussockmoth, the most common and injurious of the tussock moths;and in (c) is shown the caterpillar of the white-marked tussockmoth. Tussock moths emerge from the middle to the last of females are wingless and bear no resemblance to the wingedmale moths; in fact, the females look more like fat spi
[Fruit culture] . npests of shade trees, and where they are abundant the cater-pillars prove to be destructive of foliage on apple trees. In 46 APPLE PESTS AND INJURIES 6 Fig. 31 (a) is illustrated the mature caterpillar of the willowtussock moth; in (b) is shown the caterpillar of the rusty tussockmoth, the most common and injurious of the tussock moths;and in (c) is shown the caterpillar of the white-marked tussockmoth. Tussock moths emerge from the middle to the last of females are wingless and bear no resemblance to the wingedmale moths; in fact, the females look more like fat spiders thanmoths and usually lay their eggs on the cocoons from whichthey emerge. These eggs hatch early in July and the cater-pillars mature during the late summer and pupate and emergeas mature moths during the fall. The female moths of thissecond brood lay eggs that remain over winter and hatch aboutthe first of May, thus making two complete broods each year. The destruction of egg masses during the winter months. Fig. 32 and spraying as for the codling moth or for the gipsy mothwill prevent serious damage from tussock moths. 43. Climbing —A dozen or more speciesof cutworms make a practice of climbing apple trees and otherfruit plants at night, feeding on the opening buds and youngtender foliage, and then returning to the soil, where they remainin hiding during the day. Because these insects work duringthe night only, the first knowledge that an orchardist mayreceive of their presence is that certain young trees fail to putforth leaves or that young foliage from a whole branch or ofan entire tree suddenly disappears. Three of these cutwormsare shown in Fig. 32. When the presence of cutworms is sus-pected the orchardist should visit the trees at night with a dim §6 APPLE PESTS AND INJURIES 47 light and he may be able to see the pests at work. The climb-ing cutworms are usually most numerous when the orchard isin sod or when the sod has been plowed under just before
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecad, booksubjectfruitculture, bookyear1912
