. Vanishing England . wretch was tiedto a cart-wheel at the Colne Cross, Lancashire, andwhipped. Sometimes the cross is only a cross in name, and anobelisk has supplanted the Christian symbol. The changeis deemed to be attributable to the ideas of some of theReformers who desired to assert the supremacy of theCrown over the Church. Hence they placed an orb onthe top of the obelisk surmounted by a small, plain Latincross, and later on a large crown took the place of theorb and cross. At Grantham the Earl of Dysart erectedan obelisk which has an inscription stating that it occu-pies the site of
. Vanishing England . wretch was tiedto a cart-wheel at the Colne Cross, Lancashire, andwhipped. Sometimes the cross is only a cross in name, and anobelisk has supplanted the Christian symbol. The changeis deemed to be attributable to the ideas of some of theReformers who desired to assert the supremacy of theCrown over the Church. Hence they placed an orb onthe top of the obelisk surmounted by a small, plain Latincross, and later on a large crown took the place of theorb and cross. At Grantham the Earl of Dysart erectedan obelisk which has an inscription stating that it occu-pies the site of the Grantham Eleanor cross. This isa strange error, as this cross stood on an entirely differentsite on St. Peters Hill and was destroyed by Cromwellstroopers. The obelisk replaced the old market cross,which was regarded with much affection and reverenceby the inhabitants, who in 1779, when it was taken downby the lord of the manor, immediately obtained a manda-mus for its restoration. The Mayor and Corporation still. UpAliitf- 300 VANISHING ENGLAND proclaim the Lent Fair in quaint and archaic language atthis poor substitute for the old cross. One of the uses of the market cross was to inculcatethe sacredness of bargains. There is a curious stoneerection in the market-place at Middleham, Yorkshire,which seems to have taken the place of the market crossand to have taught the same truth. It consists of a plat-form on which are two pillars ; one carries the effigy ofsome animal in a kneeling posture, resembling a sheepor a cow, the other supports an octagonal object tradition-ally supposed to represent a cheese. The farmers usedto walk up the opposing flights of steps when concludinga bargain and shake hands over the BOUNDARY CROSSES Crosses marked in medieval times the boundaries ofecclesiastical properties, which by this sacred symbolwere thus protected from encroachment and boundaries were also marked by crosses andmeare stones. The seven crosses
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