Fungous diseases of plants . Whenyoung it is convex, and at maturityis almost flat or perhaps slightly con-cave. Its surface is smooth. Onthe under side are the radiating gillswhich have an even, thin edge, anda straight, radial direction. The longgills extend from the margin to the stem, and are attached to the stalk itselfrather than to a prominent ring about the stalk. Other shorter gills extendfrom the margin just far enough to fill in the angles between the longer stipe is about equal in length to the diameter of the cap, or in some casessomewhat less. It usually arises from the
Fungous diseases of plants . Whenyoung it is convex, and at maturityis almost flat or perhaps slightly con-cave. Its surface is smooth. Onthe under side are the radiating gillswhich have an even, thin edge, anda straight, radial direction. The longgills extend from the margin to the stem, and are attached to the stalk itselfrather than to a prominent ring about the stalk. Other shorter gills extendfrom the margin just far enough to fill in the angles between the longer stipe is about equal in length to the diameter of the cap, or in some casessomewhat less. It usually arises from the side of the leaf sheath, and is some-what curved so as to bring the cap into a horizontal position. It is normallyattached to the cap at its central point, but at times this attachment is some-what eccentric. The stipe is smooth externally, except at the base, which isdowny and also enlarged. The whole fruit cap persists for about a day, and thengradually dries, losing its form, but not undergoing immediate Fig. 233. Marasmius plicatus on Sugar Cane. (Photograph by H. R. Fulton) AUTOBASIDIOMYCETES 471 The spores, white in mass, are hyaline, ovate, averaging 6-8 x5-6 ft, with a prolongation at the base. The fungus has beengrown in pure cultures, and inoculation experiments from suchpure cultures have yielded the typical disease, this in turn show-ing the characteristic mycelium. The mycelium in culture makesthe best growth at from 25° to 30° C. The fungus spreads rapidlyby means of the vigorous mycelium, and the sporophores are pro-duced so infrequently that spores would seem to play a minor partin the distribution of the species. Control. As a result of his studies, Fulton cites the followingconditions as favoring the growth of the organism. 1. Slowness of germination and early growth of the canes. 2. Improper cultural procedures. 3. Unsuitable soil. 4. Bad drainage. 5. Unfavorable seasonal conditions. 6. A stubble crop. These facts make it evident that prev
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