Cyclopedia of mechanical engineering; a general reference work Editor-in-chief Howard Monroe Raymond Assisted by a corps of mechanical engineers, technical experts, and designers of the highest professional standing . w, end of slot to end of rod, Pi = 2«.iDS,. (,09) For tension in rod end at section across slot, S, being safetensile stress in rod end, ?77-DPl=:(^-TD)S, (no) For tension in socket at section across slot, S, being safe stress in socket. For shearing in socket along the lines W and XY, S, beingsafe shearing stress in the socket, and w^ end of slot to end ofsocket, rj = 2
Cyclopedia of mechanical engineering; a general reference work Editor-in-chief Howard Monroe Raymond Assisted by a corps of mechanical engineers, technical experts, and designers of the highest professional standing . w, end of slot to end of rod, Pi = 2«.iDS,. (,09) For tension in rod end at section across slot, S, being safetensile stress in rod end, ?77-DPl=:(^-TD)S, (no) For tension in socket at section across slot, S, being safe stress in socket. For shearing in socket along the lines W and XY, S, beingsafe shearing stress in the socket, and w^ end of slot to end ofsocket, rj = 2//-,(D,-D)S,. (H2) The proportions of cotter and socket may be fixed to some extent by practical or assumed conditions. The di-mensions may then be testedby the above equations, thatthe safe working stresses maynot be exceeded, the dimen-sions being then modified ac-cordingly. The steel of which bothcotter and rod would ordina-rily be made has range ofworking fiber stress asfollows : Tension, 8,fKJ0 to 12,000 (lbs. pal s(|. in.)Compression, 10,000 to 16,000 (lbs. per sq. in.)Shear, 6,000 to 10,000 (lbs. per sq. in.). The socket, if made ofcast iron, will be weak as regards tension, tendency to shear out at. Fig. 73. 874 MACHINE DESIGN 1G9 the eiul. and tendency to split. The uncertainty of cast iron toresist these is so great that the hub or socket must be rery clumsyin order to have enough surplus strength. This is always a notice-able feature of the cotter type of fastening, and cannot well beavoided. PRACTICAL MODIFICATION. The driving faces of the cot-ter are often made semicircular. This not only gives more shear-ing area at the sides of the slots, but makes the production of theslots easier in the shop. It also avoids the general objection tosharp corners—namely, a tendency to start cracks. A practicable taper forcotters is i inch per will under ordinarycircumstances prevent thecotter from backing outunder the action of the set screws againstthe sid
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