Twentieth century hand-book for steam engineers and electricians, with questions and answers .. . inum contacts with which they areconnected. These lamps are made in sizes of from 1to 30 glowers, and they consume about 88 watts perglower. The light resembles very closely the lightfrom a Welsbach gas burner, although the green tingeof the Welsbach is not present. 180 ELECTRICITY FOR ENGINEERS In Fig. ioo is shown the single glower lampassembled, which can be inserted in an ordinary Edi-son socket. In Fig. 101 the six glower lamp, with dome attached,is shown. CHAPTER XII Line Testing. In the ope
Twentieth century hand-book for steam engineers and electricians, with questions and answers .. . inum contacts with which they areconnected. These lamps are made in sizes of from 1to 30 glowers, and they consume about 88 watts perglower. The light resembles very closely the lightfrom a Welsbach gas burner, although the green tingeof the Welsbach is not present. 180 ELECTRICITY FOR ENGINEERS In Fig. ioo is shown the single glower lampassembled, which can be inserted in an ordinary Edi-son socket. In Fig. 101 the six glower lamp, with dome attached,is shown. CHAPTER XII Line Testing. In the operation of electric light andpower circuits three principal causes of trouble arecontinually encountered. These are the open circuit,the short circuit, the ground, and also combinations ofthese, as there is nothing which prevents the existenceof all three defects on any line at the same time. Inorder to study these properly, let us refer to Fig. 102,which shows an ordinary incandescent circuit equippedwith the necessary cutout and a switch. An open circuit may be caused by poor contact, or H F. FIGURE 102. failure to make any contact at all, of the fuse. If thisis the cause, the light can be made to burn by connect-ing the fuse terminals A and B or C and D by meansof short pieces of wire. Such wire must, however, beused only for an instant to make sure of the trouble,and proper fuses must then be provided. Anothermethod of locating an open circuit in the fuse consistsof moistening the finger tips and placing the tips oftwo fingers of the same hand on B and D. If the fusesare in order, a slight shock will be felt; this method isapplicable only on low voltage systems and must neverbe used where the voltage exceeds 182 ELECTRICITY FOR ENGINEERS If the fuses are found all right, the next place to lookfor the cause of an open circuit is at the switch. Thecontact points of switches are often so badly burnedor covered with dirt and grease that they do not makeproper connection
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