. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. s^'^su. f&Z'&su Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER. October 8, 1917 IMPORTANT RANGE PLANTS: THEIR LIFE HISTORY AND FORAGE VALUE. By Arthur W. Sampson, Plant Ecologist, Forest Service. CONTENTS. Page. Object of the study 1 Character of the range and forage studied 2 General morphology of grasses 4 Important species 4 Grasses 4 Key to tribes and genera 5 Mountain bunch grass 6 Porcupine grass 9 Mountain timothy 10 Slender reed-grass 11 Alpine redtop 12 Pine s*rass 13 Bluejbint 15 Tufted hair-grass 16 Slender ha
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. s^'^su. f&Z'&su Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER. October 8, 1917 IMPORTANT RANGE PLANTS: THEIR LIFE HISTORY AND FORAGE VALUE. By Arthur W. Sampson, Plant Ecologist, Forest Service. CONTENTS. Page. Object of the study 1 Character of the range and forage studied 2 General morphology of grasses 4 Important species 4 Grasses 4 Key to tribes and genera 5 Mountain bunch grass 6 Porcupine grass 9 Mountain timothy 10 Slender reed-grass 11 Alpine redtop 12 Pine s*rass 13 Bluejbint 15 Tufted hair-grass 16 Slender hair-grass 17 Spiked trisetum â 19 Mountain June grass 20 Onion grass 21 Little bluegrass 22 Short-awned bromegrass 23 Soft cheat 24 Tall meadow-grass 25 Big bunch grass 26 Mountain wheat grass 28 Smooth wild rye 29 White foxtail 30 Grasslike plants 31 Distinctions between grasslike plants and grasses 31 Sedges and rushes 32 Important speciesâContinued. Grasslike plantsâContinued. Tall swamp sedge 32 Sheep sedge. 33 Elk grass 34 Rush 35 Wood rush 36 Nongrasshke plants 37 Mountain onion 38 False hellebore 39 Fire willow 40 Wild buckwheat 41 Geranium 42 Fireweed 43 Wild celery 44 Skunkweed 45 High huckleberry 46 ' Horsermnt 46 Blue beardtongue 47 Mountain elder 48 Valerian 49 Mountain dandelion 50 Woolly weed 51 Coneflower 52 Yarrow 53 Butterweed 54 Summary 55 Ecological requirements 55 Life history 56 Appendix: Plan of study 61 OBJECT OF THE STUDY. Although practically all types of grazing lands support a variety of plant species, only a certain proportion of the grasses and of the other plants are important from a grazing standpoint. Some species, owing to their wide distribution and abundance, as well as to the relish with which they are cropped, are valuable forage plants; others because of certain chemical contents either during the entire season or at some period of it are poisonous, and therefore seriously objectionable on the range; while still others, either through som
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