. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. DENSITY = 15/M 40 20 40 60 80 100 I04 ZYGOTES 20 -. 20 40 60 80 TEST DIAMETER (MM) 100 Figure 4. Size-frequency distribution and population density of Diadema antillarum before (1983) and after (1987) the mass mortality on a reef in Lameshur Bay, St. John, U. S. V. Mean zygote production of the median size urchins are estimated from equations 2 and 3. Conclusions Many mobile invertebrates and fish aggregate or swarm during spawning (Levinton, 1982; Pennington, 1985). A temporary spawning aggregation would increase t
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. DENSITY = 15/M 40 20 40 60 80 100 I04 ZYGOTES 20 -. 20 40 60 80 TEST DIAMETER (MM) 100 Figure 4. Size-frequency distribution and population density of Diadema antillarum before (1983) and after (1987) the mass mortality on a reef in Lameshur Bay, St. John, U. S. V. Mean zygote production of the median size urchins are estimated from equations 2 and 3. Conclusions Many mobile invertebrates and fish aggregate or swarm during spawning (Levinton, 1982; Pennington, 1985). A temporary spawning aggregation would increase the like- lihood of fertilization at low population density and reduce the nutritional costs of living at high density. Plants and sessile animals may suffer the consequences of isolation the most, and may be under high selection pressure to reproduce asexually, self-fertilize, or be hermaphroditic. This study suggests that the influence of population density on fertilization success should be recognized and incorporated into an assessment of an organism's repro- ductive potential. This may change our perception of a "good" habitat and a "successful" organism. The as- sumption that large body size and high gamete production translate into high reproductive success may be incorrect when the importance of fertilization success is ignored. Acknowledgments S. Genovese, R. Haldeman, and C. Levitan assisted in the field. H. Cornell, R. Karlson, B. Ketcham, R. Eisen- berg, M. Hay, T. Hughes, R. Olson, P. Petraitis, M. Sewell, P. Yund, and several anonymous reviewers made com- ments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. The Univer- sity of the Virgin Islands, the National Park Service, and the Bamfield Marine Station provided facilities. This work was funded by the University of Delaware, The School For Field Studies, and the Lerner-Gray Fund for Marine Research from the American Museum of Natural History. This is contribution number 153 from the Ecology Pro- gram a
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
