Stationary steam engines, simple and compound; especially as adapted to light and power plants . The Tower Spherical Engine. used on shipboard when compactness and noiselessness aredemanded. This is one of the most singular forms ofsteam-engine yet successfully introduced. The steam-turbine constitutes a class of steam-enginewhich, although the first invented, and familiar as a typeto all engineers from the days of Hero the Youiiger, andknown to have a high theoretical and moderately high actualefficiency, has been only experimentally used until a veryrecent date. That of Hero i^ illustrated i
Stationary steam engines, simple and compound; especially as adapted to light and power plants . The Tower Spherical Engine. used on shipboard when compactness and noiselessness aredemanded. This is one of the most singular forms ofsteam-engine yet successfully introduced. The steam-turbine constitutes a class of steam-enginewhich, although the first invented, and familiar as a typeto all engineers from the days of Hero the Youiiger, andknown to have a high theoretical and moderately high actualefficiency, has been only experimentally used until a veryrecent date. That of Hero i^ illustrated in the next figure. 2 74 STEAM ENGINES FOR The Atwater engine of about 1840 was of this type, andwas said to be as economical as the engines of the timeof equal power. Steam-turbines of the inward-flow typehave been used by Gorman and others. The later compound steam-turbine has recently been. S^ Heros Steam Turbine. somewhat extensively employed in the operation of dynamo-electric machinery. It consists of two sets of parallel-flowturbines set, in twin series, on one shaft on either side theinduction-pipe, thus balancing. The passages are graduallyenlarged as the volume of the steam increases with its pro-gressive expansion. The turbines thus alternate with their guide-blades, and I. Rankine, p. 538. ELECTRIC LIGHTING PLANTS. 275 both the vanes and the blades are carefully proportionedand set to secure maximum attainable efficiency at the pro-posed speed of rotation, their pitches and depths being suit-ably varied. The computed efficiency, without allowances for wastes,is about 87 per cent. The actual consumption of steam isfound to be 35 to 40 pounds per electrical horse-power pro-duced and per hour as steam-pressures rise from 60 to 90pounds by gauge. The speed of rotation ranges from 5,000or 10,000 revolutions ])er minute upward, according tosize and steam-pressure, 18,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectsteamen, bookyear1902
