. Abraham Lincoln; a history . nger, an appropriation to armthe State ; next, on pretext of consulting publicopinion, a convention bill; then, having volunteers,the seizure of Baton Eouge barracks and arsenal(January 10), and Forts Jackson and St. Philip(January 15), and other Federal property; and,finally, the terrorism of loud-mouthed the convention met, January 23, the tide wasalready as irresistible as the waters of the Missis-sippi. A proposition for a slave-State conferencewas voted down, 106 to 24; another, to providefor a popular vote, defeated by 84 to 43, and on18G1.
. Abraham Lincoln; a history . nger, an appropriation to armthe State ; next, on pretext of consulting publicopinion, a convention bill; then, having volunteers,the seizure of Baton Eouge barracks and arsenal(January 10), and Forts Jackson and St. Philip(January 15), and other Federal property; and,finally, the terrorism of loud-mouthed the convention met, January 23, the tide wasalready as irresistible as the waters of the Missis-sippi. A proposition for a slave-State conferencewas voted down, 106 to 24; another, to providefor a popular vote, defeated by 84 to 43, and on18G1. January 26, some of the cooperation delegateshaving prudently silenced their scruples, the seces-sion ordinance was passed, 113 yeas to 17 exceptional incidents occurred in the actionof Louisiana. One was the unanimous adoption ofa resolution recognizing the right of the freenavigation of the Mississippi River and its tribu-taries by all friendly States bordering thereon,and also the right of egress and ingress of the. JEFFERSON DAVIS. THE COTTON KEPUBLICS 193 mouths of the Mississippi by all friendly States chap. powers. The other was that one of her Fed-eral Representatives, John E. Bouligny, remainedtrue to his oath and his loyalty, and continued tohold his seat in Congress to the end of his term —the solitary instance from the Cotton States. It is a significant feature in the secession pro-ceedings of the six Cotton States which first tookaction, that theu conventions in every case neg-lected or refused to submit their ordinances ofsecession to a vote of the people for ratification orrejection. The whole spirit and all the phenomenaof the movement forbade their doing so. Fromfirst to last the movement was forced, not sponta-neous, official, not popular; and its leaders couldnot risk the period of doubt which a submission ofthe ordinances would involve, much less their re-jection at the polls. To this general rule Texas,the seventh seceding State, formed a
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