Productive farming . Fig. —-\ pine tree growing in an open place, holding the leaves out to theUght. Fig. 94.—Pines and other trees grown in a dense forest, wiiich is now mostlycleared away. alternated with those which have dense foliage and canendure shade well, such as spruce and beech. Exercise.—Distance Apart and Shape.—In a wood-lotor other place where trees are growing close together, noticethe distance from the ground to the first side limbs that arebeneath the shade of other trees (Fig. 94). Compare thesewith trees of the same kind groning in open places. In adense forest the side
Productive farming . Fig. —-\ pine tree growing in an open place, holding the leaves out to theUght. Fig. 94.—Pines and other trees grown in a dense forest, wiiich is now mostlycleared away. alternated with those which have dense foliage and canendure shade well, such as spruce and beech. Exercise.—Distance Apart and Shape.—In a wood-lotor other place where trees are growing close together, noticethe distance from the ground to the first side limbs that arebeneath the shade of other trees (Fig. 94). Compare thesewith trees of the same kind groning in open places. In adense forest the side limbs are shaded from the light and THE PRINCIPLES OF FORESTRY 169 may soon die and drop off. Those in the open grow largebecause of the hght all about them (Fig. 93). Which wouldproduce clear lumber and which Avould be knotty? Exercise.—Rings of Wood.—Have some one bring toschool a circular section cut across the end of a tree trunk,. Fig. 95.—Method of mounting wood samples for study. (Agricultural Education.) showing the rings of wood. Each ring represents one seasonof growth. Count them. Are some wider than others ?Are the wide rings indications of favorable or of unfavorableseasons of growth ? Notice the dark heart-wood in the centerand the light colored sap-wood near the bark. Figure 95represents a good method of saving samples for future study. 170 PRODUCTIVE FARMING Planting the Trees.—^When wood-lots and wide shelter-belts are to be planted, the ground should be prepared by-plowing and harrowing, unless it is too rough or trees from the seed bed or forest mu-sery are transplantedto their new location when of suitable size. The size dependsupon the kind and size of those with which they are to beplanted. Evergreens may be transplanted whenever newshoots are not growing, but late spring is probably the Early spring is best for other trees and shrubs. When very small seedlings are to b
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidcu, booksubjectagriculture
