. Useful information for cotton manufacturers . ellular part containing the coloring matter, alayer of cellular fibres which give it its strength and elas-ticity, and an outer layer or epidermis of horn-like tissuesconsisting of overlapping scales. This epidermal scaly cov-ering is characteristic of wool and can readily be distinguishedwith a microscope. The scales are translucent in aopparance,their exact size and shape varying considerably with differentvarieties of wool. From the above description of the struc-ture of the wool fibre itself and of the treatment it receives *.See next page. 1
. Useful information for cotton manufacturers . ellular part containing the coloring matter, alayer of cellular fibres which give it its strength and elas-ticity, and an outer layer or epidermis of horn-like tissuesconsisting of overlapping scales. This epidermal scaly cov-ering is characteristic of wool and can readily be distinguishedwith a microscope. The scales are translucent in aopparance,their exact size and shape varying considerably with differentvarieties of wool. From the above description of the struc-ture of the wool fibre itself and of the treatment it receives *.See next page. 1351 STUART W. CRAMER in scouring and washing, one is quite prepared to learn ofits extraordinary hygroscopic quality, which greatly exceedsthat of all the other fibres. The silk fibre differs from all the other fibres insomuchthat it is a continuous thread, spun by thesilk worm. Without going into further details,it may be briefly stated that in the raw state the fibre consistsof a double thread cemented together by a glue-like substance (Micrograph by :Mathews. showing- comparison of wool, silk and cottonfibres X 500. \V represents a wool fibre, showing marking of scales: C,cotton, showing twisted ribbon-like structure; and S, silk, showing doublestrand and shreds of silk glue, sh.) and is of a yellowish translucent appearance. Under themicroscope, the raw silk fibre is seen to consist of an inner fibreof fibroin, as it is termed, covered by a layer of the sericin,or silk-glue; like wool, the silk fibre is prepared for manu-facture by being boiled or scoured so that the double threadsare separated and the silk-glue removed. The fibre thenappears as a single nearly white lustrous fibre, apparentlya continuous filament but probably a bundle of exceedinglyminute fibrils. Hygroscopically silk is second only to wool. 1352 Providence, R» I. Charlotte, N. C Atlanta, Ga. Cotton belongs to the species of vegetable fibre known assingle cell plant hairs. Each cotton fibre is** **
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectcottonm, bookyear1904
