. The Literary digest history of the world war, compiled from original and contemporary sources: American, British, French, German, and others. he United States had dis-appeared or were crumbling. Nothing in what was to happen to Germanys colonial em-pire would have seemed strange to Louis XIV, or to his suc-cessor, Louis XV, who lost India and eastern North Americawhile winning campaigns in Flanders. Men had been watch-ing the West Front with bated breath, with hopes and fears forRussia, and they had been estimating the meaning of the warby daily communiques that marked changes in the western
. The Literary digest history of the world war, compiled from original and contemporary sources: American, British, French, German, and others. he United States had dis-appeared or were crumbling. Nothing in what was to happen to Germanys colonial em-pire would have seemed strange to Louis XIV, or to his suc-cessor, Louis XV, who lost India and eastern North Americawhile winning campaigns in Flanders. Men had been watch-ing the West Front with bated breath, with hopes and fears forRussia, and they had been estimating the meaning of the warby daily communiques that marked changes in the westerntrenches, but men of a later generation would look back at theEuropean campaigns in this war as relatively fruitless efforts,while lesser campaigns beyond the sea permanently alteredthe fate of millions of men and the future of lands almost aslimitless as they had proved to be fertile. 15 Principal Sources: The Independent, The Ercthinf; Post, Tlie Tribune, TheTimes (New York). The London Times History of the War, The Journalof Commerce (New York). 206 IN THE GERMAN COLONIES ANDON THE SEA Part II SUBMARINE WAEFAEE AND WAR-ZONEDECREES 207. •ids GERMAN SUCCESSES AND FAILURES IN THE FIRSTYEAR—BRITISH SUCCESSES IN SCANDINA-VIAN WATERS September 22, 191-1—October 10, 1915 BEFORE the war the general public knew little ofsubmarines, their design or their construction. Thatthey were shaped like a cigar, and could be propelledunder water while an officer in command was viewingobjects on the surface through a periscope, and that atorpedo could be fired from them at a ship, some readers,but not many, knew. The test of war, however, soondemonstrated that the had its place among ef-fective warships, and that the greatest ships could notdespise them as foes. When the war ended submarines hadsunk some millions of ship tonnage. The submarine was not a new boat, but a product ofcenturies of experiments, the governing principles havingbeen developed long ago. It had failed in be
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