. Cave vertebrates of America; a study in degenerative evolution. Cave animals; Evolution. 194 BLIND VERTEBRATES AND THEIR EYES. very frequently there is an island in the water beneath the opening in the roof, and in the Ashton t3^e the water has become restricted to a crescent at the base of the wall still standing. It is possible that the Carboneria and Alacranes caves belong to the latter type of caves. Almost invariably one or more trees (Ficus) stand over the cave and send long roots down through the cave to the water below, where they break up into number- less rootlets (plate 12, fig. a
. Cave vertebrates of America; a study in degenerative evolution. Cave animals; Evolution. 194 BLIND VERTEBRATES AND THEIR EYES. very frequently there is an island in the water beneath the opening in the roof, and in the Ashton t3^e the water has become restricted to a crescent at the base of the wall still standing. It is possible that the Carboneria and Alacranes caves belong to the latter type of caves. Almost invariably one or more trees (Ficus) stand over the cave and send long roots down through the cave to the water below, where they break up into number- less rootlets (plate 12, fig. a). The roots were very useful in gaining access to the bottom of some of the caves. During my earlier trips, access was gained to most of the dome-shaped caves by climbing down the roots or a bamboo pole. In the later trips the roots were still the most effective ladders to some of the caves, but I substituted a portable rope ladder for the slippery bamboo Finca Isabella °a,Well Tranquilldad o ^ o o o Ashton o Isabella X O Modesta o X I mile Modesta. I. O X Modesta Scale O. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Eigenmann, Carl H. , 1863-1927. Washington, D. C. , Carnegie Institution of Washington
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