. Orthopaedic surgery for students and general practitioners : preliminary considerations and diseases of the spine : 114 original illustrations. the spinal column; thescapula over the convexity is more concave and that overthe concavity is more flattened than normal. The thorax is therefore necessarily much distorted overthe convex curve in the back where the ribs project or bulgeabnormally backward, while on the opposite side, it is flat-tened or hollowed. (Fig. 94.) In front the reverse occursand in larger girls the mamma corresponding with the concaveside of the dorsal curve is the more pr
. Orthopaedic surgery for students and general practitioners : preliminary considerations and diseases of the spine : 114 original illustrations. the spinal column; thescapula over the convexity is more concave and that overthe concavity is more flattened than normal. The thorax is therefore necessarily much distorted overthe convex curve in the back where the ribs project or bulgeabnormally backward, while on the opposite side, it is flat-tened or hollowed. (Fig. 94.) In front the reverse occursand in larger girls the mamma corresponding with the concaveside of the dorsal curve is the more prominent. The umbilicusmay be deflected from the median line. When rotationoccurs in the lumbar region where no ribs are attached, thedeformity is not so marked, but some of the lumbar musclesproject on the convex side and are depressed on the other,as has been stated under physical signs. Thus the contourof that region is slightly altered comparatively with thedorsal region and the trouble is evident chiefly in an in-creased furrow above one hip making it more prominentand the individual seeming longer waisted on the convexside. (Fig. 89.). Fig. 93. X-ray of an S-Shaped Scoliosis. Note the greater separation of ribs on the right, wedge-shaped bodies andintervertebral cartilages; also a wedge-shaped 6th lumbar vertebra. 196 ORTHOP-ffiDIC SURGERY. In the severest fixed cases a formative osteitis may anky-lose the articular processes of the vertebrae together. Thecapacity of that side of the thorax into which the convexityprojects is lessened as the bodies of the vertebrae encroachmore and more upon it and the ribs in front are flattenedand their angles decreased behind. On the other hand thediagonal diameter of the thorax from the ribs of the convexside forward is greater than normal and that of the other
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