. How we are sheltered; a geographical reader . cents. They were generally made 172 HOW WE ARE SHELTERED of tallow. A number of wicks, placed a shortdistance apart, were tied to a stick or small pieceof board, so that they hung vertically. Theywere then lowered into a vessel containing meltedtallow. When the wicks weredrawn out, the stick was hungup, and in a few minutes thetallow cooled and hardened aboutthem. This was repeated untilthe candles were of the rightsize. This process was calleddipping candles. Have you everFig. 57!^^ Caudle- gathered rushes in a marsh or^*^^^ along a stream? Peop
. How we are sheltered; a geographical reader . cents. They were generally made 172 HOW WE ARE SHELTERED of tallow. A number of wicks, placed a shortdistance apart, were tied to a stick or small pieceof board, so that they hung vertically. Theywere then lowered into a vessel containing meltedtallow. When the wicks weredrawn out, the stick was hungup, and in a few minutes thetallow cooled and hardened aboutthem. This was repeated untilthe candles were of the rightsize. This process was calleddipping candles. Have you everFig. 57!^^ Caudle- gathered rushes in a marsh or^*^^^ along a stream? People .once used rushes in making candles. The outside ofthe rushes was stripped off, and the stalks weredipped just as the wicks were. Such candleswere called rush-lights. It was a great improvement when people beganto make candles in molds. The molds were hol-low cylinders of tin just the size of the wick, having the upper end tied to a stick, wasplaced in each tube of the mold. Melted tallowwas then poured in. When this hardened, the. LIGHT 173 candles were pulled out. I have seen my grand-mother mold candles many times. We are so accustomed to the use of matchesthat it hardly seems possible that people ever gotalong without them. When matches were moreexpensive than they are now, children helpedsave them by rolling up bits of paper. Thesewere often of bright colors, and were calledtwisters. By means of these, light could be car-ried from one candle or lamp to another, I have told you how light was procured beforematches were invented. The first matches werequite different from those in use to-day. Theywere pine splinters, about six inches in length,and sharpened at both ends. The ends weredipped in melted sulphur. Sparks were pro-duced by striking a flint and steel tips of these matches were placed so that thesparks would fall upon them, and cause them toburst into flame. They were called brimstonematches. After a time there was an si
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