The Carnegie Institution of Washington . problems in growth, respiration, photosynthesis,parasitism, water-relations, environic reactions of plants, and physicalfactors of importance in geobotany. Contributions have been made to the measurement of the factorswhich condition the composition of the vegetation of differentiatedareas such as deserts, mountain ranges, etc., origination and fate of 17 DEPARTMENT OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH. plant populations, evaluation of the parts played by various agenciesin fashioning root-systems, soil moisture in all its relations, the vary-ing composition and conce
The Carnegie Institution of Washington . problems in growth, respiration, photosynthesis,parasitism, water-relations, environic reactions of plants, and physicalfactors of importance in geobotany. Contributions have been made to the measurement of the factorswhich condition the composition of the vegetation of differentiatedareas such as deserts, mountain ranges, etc., origination and fate of 17 DEPARTMENT OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH. plant populations, evaluation of the parts played by various agenciesin fashioning root-systems, soil moisture in all its relations, the vary-ing composition and concentration of the sap of plants as controlledby environment, the physical basis of parasitism, the results of desic-cation and respiration, as illustrated by the morphology and physi-ological behavior of succulents isolated from water for a few years,and the acidity of sap as a result of one type of respiration. Improvements of apparatus for measurement of changes of vol-ume have made it possible to record the entire growth of stems, and. Phytochemical Laboratory, April 1916. the measurements obtained have influenced conceptions as to thenature and physical basis of growth. A series of glass screens suitable for testing the effects of variouswave-lengths in the visible spectrum has been developed. The com-plex relations of temperature, light, transpiration, and movements ofdesert plants have been analyzed advantageously and both methodsand apparatus for research upon these subjects have been greatlyimproved. The intensive study of chemical changes induced by light isleading to an understanding of the photosynthetic formation of sugars DEPARTMENT OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH. ig in the chlorophyllous cell, as well as to a comprehension of the physi-ological effects of sunlight in regard to the nutrition, the respiration,and the growth of plants. The specialized conditions offered by desert conditions have justi-fied some attention to genetic problems and to parallel experimenta-tion with
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