Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . AVATKltLOO : A RELIC OF GENERAL {lloijal United Service Inditution.) POLITICAL HISTOEY. 13 At the close of 1811, too, the relations between Napoleonand Alexander had become strained, and both monarchsprepared for war. In 1812 the famous Moscow expeditiontook place, with the result that the north of Germany and Russia formed an alliance which was later joinedby Austria, and the war of Lib


Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . AVATKltLOO : A RELIC OF GENERAL {lloijal United Service Inditution.) POLITICAL HISTOEY. 13 At the close of 1811, too, the relations between Napoleonand Alexander had become strained, and both monarchsprepared for war. In 1812 the famous Moscow expeditiontook place, with the result that the north of Germany and Russia formed an alliance which was later joinedby Austria, and the war of Liberation began. In contributingto the fall of Napoleon the operations of Wellington in Portugalplayed a considerable part. In November, 1810, George WATERLOO RELICS. {Royal United Service Institution.) illness had necessitated the appointment of the Prince ofWales as Regent, and in 1811 a Regency Bill was passedrestricting the power of the prince. The Perceval Ministry was continued, but in February, 1812, ^°^^^ ^^^Wellesley retired from office, and in May Perceval was assassin- Primeated by a man named Bellingham. Lord Liverpool became ^i^ Minister, with Castlereagh as Foreign Secretary, theother ministers remaining in office. Wellington was heartilysupported, and a war with America caused by the Orders inCouncil, ended after a series of struggles on land and on sea—in which success and failure were pretty evenly balanced 7U ENGLANDS STRUGGLE FOB EXISTENCE. Welling-tonsVictories. Over- tlirow ofNapoleon. [1802 siirned on December 24th, •—in the Convention of Ghent,1814. In 1S12, Wellington, having taken Cindad Rodrigo andBada,jos, won Salamanca and entered Madrid on August to retreat to Portugal by the


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