. Bulletin. Ethnology. 320 PUEBLOS [ B. A. E. refuge in the government build- ings at Santa Fe, and withst(Jod a siege by about 3,000 Indians for 10 days, when, after a desperate sortie, the Indians were forced back with a loss of 300 killed and 47 captured. The prisoners were hanged, and the next day (Aug. 21) the Spaniards, numbering about 1,000, commenced their long retreat to El I'aso. Evidently in fear lest the Spaniards should return at any time with a strong force, many of the Pueblos abandoned their settlements and took refuge in new ones on less pregna- ble sites, leaving t
. Bulletin. Ethnology. 320 PUEBLOS [ B. A. E. refuge in the government build- ings at Santa Fe, and withst(Jod a siege by about 3,000 Indians for 10 days, when, after a desperate sortie, the Indians were forced back with a loss of 300 killed and 47 captured. The prisoners were hanged, and the next day (Aug. 21) the Spaniards, numbering about 1,000, commenced their long retreat to El I'aso. Evidently in fear lest the Spaniards should return at any time with a strong force, many of the Pueblos abandoned their settlements and took refuge in new ones on less pregna- ble sites, leaving the former villages to crumble. For 12 years the Pueblos re- mained independent of the Spaniards, but not free from dissension among them- selves or from dejiredations by their old enemies, the Navaho and the Apache. In 1692 Diego de Vargas reconquered the provini'e after severely chastising many of the natives and destroying some of their towns. Of all the pueblos of New Mexico at the beginning of the revolt (at which time there were 33 active mis- sions, while otli- ers were mere visitas) only Acoma and pos- sibly Isleta con- tinued to occu])y their former sites after the conquest. In 1696 some of the Pueblos once more rebelled, killing seveial missionaries, but they surren- dered after hav- ing been again seveiely punished by Vargas. From this time the Pueblos have been notably peace- ful toward the whites, the only exception being in Jan., 1847, when the Taos In- dians, instigated by some misguided Mexi- cans, killed Gov. Charles Bent and some other Americans and took refuge in their fortified town and mission church, which were stormed by troops with a loss to the Indians of about 150 killed outright, while a number were later tried and hanged. Artsandiiidustrics.—While the material culture of the sedentary ])eople of this great territory, as revealed by ethnolog- ical and archeological investigations, is sufficiently homogeneous to warrant its designation as "the Pu
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