. History of Hereford cattle : proven conclusively the oldest of improved breeds . Hereford cattle. HISTORY OF HEEEFORD CATTLE 25 that he had been permitted to examine Mr. Westcar's books, and made selections as of the Herefords which he had sold for £100 ($500) each, and he found between 1799 and 1811 twenty oxen sold for £2,123 ($10,615), or $ each, and says that if he had selected such as sold for £80 ($400) each, the list would have been very largely increased. Selecting from his sales from 1799 to 1811, cattle that had sold for $ or over, there were twenty head that averaged $
. History of Hereford cattle : proven conclusively the oldest of improved breeds . Hereford cattle. HISTORY OF HEEEFORD CATTLE 25 that he had been permitted to examine Mr. Westcar's books, and made selections as of the Herefords which he had sold for £100 ($500) each, and he found between 1799 and 1811 twenty oxen sold for £2,123 ($10,615), or $ each, and says that if he had selected such as sold for £80 ($400) each, the list would have been very largely increased. Selecting from his sales from 1799 to 1811, cattle that had sold for $ or over, there were twenty head that averaged $, and the highest priced ox sold for $—all sell- ing to butchers. In the year 1812 or 1813 he made a sale of fifty oxen at Smithfield for $ each. These are the sales of which I find an account, though he fed and grazed 200 head or more each year, which found a market in London. I have selected these two feeders, Westcar and Campbell, as coming nearer or contempo- rary to the Messrs. Tomkms' work, than any other. These men were graziers as early as 1799, and were experienced as graziers, feeders and sellers. William Marshall, contemporary historian of Tomkins, Westcar, Campbell period, wrote in 1788, describing the cattle of the west of Eng- land, that the great writer Speed said in 1627, "that the Hereford breed of cattle, taking it all in all, may, without risk, I believe, be deemed the first breed of cattle in this ; Here we have the fixed data of Speed in the year 1627, who was a historian, writing of Eng- land, Wales and Scotland. Marshall was a native of Yorkshire, and jour- neyed all over the country, collecting facts illustrative of the various agricultural districts, and making inquiries as to the breeds of cattle, horses, and sheep, for facts to be used in a work published by him, entitled "Rural Econ- omy of the West of ; Marshall gives a description of the Hereford ox, as he found him in 1788, which it is well
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