The signs of internal disease, with a brief consideration of the principal symptoms thereof . tion by the act of breathing. In such eases the lower sternal re-gion and intercostal angle is distinctly excavated and retracts duringinspiration. Enlarged tonsils, whooping cough and many respiratoryaffections are assigned as caiises. The Barrel Chest. This deformity i? also called the emphysema-tous chest. It may occur as early as the tenth year, but is generallyseen only in adult life. The chest becomes rounded and barrel-shaped,the intercostal spaces are widened, the neck is short and the backbow
The signs of internal disease, with a brief consideration of the principal symptoms thereof . tion by the act of breathing. In such eases the lower sternal re-gion and intercostal angle is distinctly excavated and retracts duringinspiration. Enlarged tonsils, whooping cough and many respiratoryaffections are assigned as caiises. The Barrel Chest. This deformity i? also called the emphysema-tous chest. It may occur as early as the tenth year, but is generallyseen only in adult life. The chest becomes rounded and barrel-shaped,the intercostal spaces are widened, the neck is short and the backbowed, the shoulders arj bent forward, the arms hang lax, giving a MBDI0AL ANATOMY 31 stooping appearance to the possessor. The circumference as taken bythe cyrtometer shows a close approach to a circle. In early life thechange is often due to asthma, the result of naso-pharyngeal disease;in later life to emphysema, the causes of which are discussed there-under. The Phthisical Chest. While Hippocrates recognized a form ofchest as predisposing to this ailment, yet a disease so universal is no. Fig. 8—A normal adult male chest outline. 6th costal cartilage. respecter of types and it can scarce be said that the description holdsgood. The form of chest usually described as phthisical is the result ofthe disease rather than one of its causes. Such a chest is long, nar-row and flat with depressed sternum. The lung capacity is generallystated as being below normal, but Benneke asserts that this is a mis-taken belief. The ribs slope downward abnormally, making an acuteangle at the ensiform junction. All the fossse. are deep, especially theclavicular and suprasternal, and the scapulte project wing-like frombehind, hence the name-—^the alar chest. DIVISIONS OF THE CHEST AND divide the chest and abdomen into regions byimaginary lines and name the various sub-divisions for the most partin accordance with the underlying organs. Such sub-divisions arenecessary for con
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectdiagnos, bookyear1906
