. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. SYSTEMATICS OF THE PLUSIINAE 89 Autographa Desertoplusia Diachrysia Macdunnoughia Antoculeora Plusia Plusidia Euchalcia Pseudochalcia Anadevidia Lamprotes Panchrysia Polychrysia Cornutiplusia Syngrapha Caloplusia Trichoplusia Argyrogramma Chrysodeixis Zonoplusia Ctenoplusia Acanthoplusia Erythroplusia Abrostola Fig. 6 Cladogram of the Plusiinae derived from the data set of Kljutshko (19856) following the correct application of cladistic methodology. Many of the taxa in Fig. 5 were delimited by plesiomorphic character states. Their
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. SYSTEMATICS OF THE PLUSIINAE 89 Autographa Desertoplusia Diachrysia Macdunnoughia Antoculeora Plusia Plusidia Euchalcia Pseudochalcia Anadevidia Lamprotes Panchrysia Polychrysia Cornutiplusia Syngrapha Caloplusia Trichoplusia Argyrogramma Chrysodeixis Zonoplusia Ctenoplusia Acanthoplusia Erythroplusia Abrostola Fig. 6 Cladogram of the Plusiinae derived from the data set of Kljutshko (19856) following the correct application of cladistic methodology. Many of the taxa in Fig. 5 were delimited by plesiomorphic character states. Their elimination results in numerous finer, hair-like seta SD1 on A9 of the larvae (this state is also convergently derived in Cornutiplusia). However, even the reduced cladogram shown in Fig. 6 is defective. The reason for this lies in the characters that Kljutshko used, many of which are insubstantial and nugatory ( the forms of the clavus and harpe, and the origin of the ductus bursae on the corpus bursae), and all of which appear to have been culled from the works of other authors. The result suffers from deficiencies similar to those in the 'phylogenetic tree' of Chou & Lu (1979c). Within the constraints imposed by Kljutshko's choice of characters, the following additional modifications can be made to the character analysis (albeit in the light of my own analysis described below). In addition to character 6, the polarity of character 26 should be reversed because the absence of a signum is plesiomorphic for the Plusiinae as a whole. Since the absence of an epicranial suture in the pupa characterizes the members of both the Plusiini and the Argyrogrammatini (see also Nakamura, 1974), this state can be reinterpreted as synapomorphic. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original British
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