. Aerographer's Mate 3 & 2. United States. Navy; Meteorology; Oceanography. AEROGRAPHER'S MATE 3 & 2. AMPLITUDE TRANSVERSE WAVES I -WAVELENGTH- I I o«-» o-»« a -AMPLITUDE I l I •*o »*-o ••o • •• •• o»« • »*o »«-o •• • LONGITUDINAL WAVES Figure 12-23. —Characteristics of transverse and longitudinal waves. the maximum displacement of the particles, is labeled on each type wave; in the transverse wave, it is half the distance measured vertically from crest to trough. Amplitude is determined by the energy of the wave. SOUND WAVES compressions are represented by dark rings. As the so
. Aerographer's Mate 3 & 2. United States. Navy; Meteorology; Oceanography. AEROGRAPHER'S MATE 3 & 2. AMPLITUDE TRANSVERSE WAVES I -WAVELENGTH- I I o«-» o-»« a -AMPLITUDE I l I •*o »*-o ••o • •• •• o»« • »*o »«-o •• • LONGITUDINAL WAVES Figure 12-23. —Characteristics of transverse and longitudinal waves. the maximum displacement of the particles, is labeled on each type wave; in the transverse wave, it is half the distance measured vertically from crest to trough. Amplitude is determined by the energy of the wave. SOUND WAVES compressions are represented by dark rings. As the sound waves spread out, their energy simultaneously spreads through an increasingly large area. Thus the wave energy per unit area becomes weaker as distance increases. This loss of energy due to distance is called spreading loss. Sound waves are longitudinal or compres- sion waves, set up by some vibrating object. In its forward movement, the vibrating object pushes the water particles lying against it, producing an area of high pressure, or com- pression. On the backward movement of the vibrating object the water particles return to the area from which they were displaced during compression and travel beyond, producing an area of low pressure, or a rarefaction. The compression moves outward by pushing the water particles immediately in front of the com- pressed particles. The rarefaction follows the compression, transferring the pull produced by the backward movement to the particles immediately ahead. The next forward movement of the vibrating object produces another com- pression and so on. In figure 12-24, the Frequency The frequency of a sound wave is the number of vibrations per second produced by the sound source. A source, for example, may transmit on a frequency of 5 kHz, or 5,000 vibrations per second. Motion is imparted to the sound wave by the back-and-forth movement of the particles of the medium, in effect passing the wave along,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, booksubjectmeteorology, booksubjectunitedstates
